(ISo 697 International Standard ANsr Intrnat Doc Sec Surface active agents - Washing powders Determination of apparent density -- Method by measuring the mass of a given volume Agents de surface -- Poudres a laver -- Deétermination de la masse volumique apparente -- Methode par pesee d'un volume donne Second edition 1981-03-01 AR 0 31981 UDC 661.185 : 531.755.2 Ref. No. ISO 697-1981 (E) 697-1981 (E) Descriptors : surfactants, washing powders, tests, determination, bulk density. ISO Price based on 3 pages from IHS Not for Resale Foreword ISo (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards institutes (Iso member bodies). The work of developing Inter- national Standards is carried out through ISo technical committees. Every member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set up has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with Iso, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the Iso Council. International Standard ISO 697 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 91, Surface active agents, and was circulated to the member bodies in March 1980 It has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries : Hungary Australia Romania Austria India South Africa, Rep. of Belgium Italy Spain China Japan Switzerland Egypt, Arab Rep. of Korea, Rep. of USSR France Netherlands Germany, F. R. Poland No member body expressed disapproval of the document. This International Standard has also been approved by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (i.e. Is0 697-1975). C International Organization for Standardization, 1981 Printed in Switzerland Copyright International Organization for Standardization e from IHS Not for Resal ISO 697-1981 (E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Surface active agents -- Washing powders Determination of apparent density - Method by measuring the mass of a given volume Introduction Definition1) The apparent density of a powder can be evaluated either by apparent density : The mass, in grams, of powder which oc- measuring the mass which occupies a given volume, or by cupies a volume of one millilitre under standardized conditions measuring the volume occupied by a given mass. In both cases, the procedure involves transfer of the powder from its original container to that used for the measurement. Owing to the friability of the product, to its flow or caking properties, to the 5 Principle varying geometry of particles of which it is composed, and to the unavoidable compaction resulting from pouring into the Determination 'of the mass of powder in a receiver of known container for measurement, the apparent density determined dimensions, after filling with the sample from a funnel of will generally differ from that of the product in its original con. specified shape under specified conditions. tainer or package. The result of the determination, therefore, gives only a conven- 6 Apparatus tional value related to the method used. 6.1 Funnel, made of stainless steel, plastics, wood or other Scope suitable material. This International Standard specifies a method for the deter- All surfaces in contact with the flowing powder shall be smooth mination of the apparent density of washing powders by and polished and shall not permit a build up of an electrostatic measuring the mass of a given volume. charge by the flow of the powder. The internal diameter of the orifice shall be 40 mm for use with 2Field of application free flowing powders and 60 mm for use with powders show- ing a tendency to cake. The method is applicable to free flowing powders and, pro- vided that an appropriate funnel is used, to powders which have a tendency to cake