船舶低压供电系统通用技术要求 和试验方法 General technical requirements and test methods for marine low voltage power system  ICS  47.020.60 CCS  U 61   中华人民共和国国家标准 GB/T 12980—2025 代替 GB/T 12980—1991 2025-08-0 1发布 2026-02-0 1实施     国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会 发 布目　　次 前言   ·····································································································   Ⅲ 1     范围   ··································································································   1 2     规范性引用文件   ······················································································   1 3     术语和定义   ···························································································   1 4     分类   ··································································································   2 5     要求   ··································································································   2      5.1     组成   ······························································································   2      5.2     电制   ······························································································   2      5.3     供电品质   ·························································································   2      5.4     设计   ······························································································   2      5.5     系统保护   ·························································································   3      5.6     性能   ······························································································   4      5.7     控制功能要求   ····················································································   4      5.8     环境适应性   ······················································································   6 6     试验方法   ······························································································   6      6.1     试验设备   ·························································································   6      6.2     试验前检查   ······················································································   6      6.3     绝缘电阻测量   ····················································································   6      6.4     起动试验   ·························································································   7      6.5     负载试验   ·························································································   7      6.6     电压和频率调节范围检查   ········································································   7      6.7     稳态调压率与调速率检查   ········································································   7      6.8     电压与频率的瞬态变化范围检查   ································································   8      6.9     系统保护检查   ····················································································   8      6.10     并联运行试验   ···················································································   8      6.11     自动型供电系统的自动控制试验   ·······························································   8      6.12     系泊与航行试验   ················································································   9 7     检验规则   ······························································································   9      7.1     检验分类   ·························································································   9      7.2     检验项目   ·························································································   9 GB/T 12980—2025     Ⅰ 前　　言 本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则　第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 本文件代替GB/T 12980—1991《船舶电站通用技术要求和试验方法》，与GB/T 12980—1991相 比，除结构调整和编辑性改动外，主要技术变化如下： 更改了适用范围（见第1章，1991年版的第1章）； a） 更改了术语“船舶应急电站”为“应急电站”，“调频精度”为“稳态频率波动”，并更改了 相应的定义（见3.4、3.5，1991年版的3.4、3.6）；b） 删除了术语“系统电压静态变化”及其定义（见1991年版的3.7）； c） 删除了交直流电站分类、电站主要设备代号编制方法（见1991年版的4.1、4.3）； d） 增加了供电系统组成（见5.1）； e） 删除了直流电制的选择（见1991年版的5.3.2）； f） 将“工作方式”“供电