论文标题
通过采矿比特币交易网络检测混合服务与混合图案
Detecting Mixing Services via Mining Bitcoin Transaction Network with Hybrid Motifs
论文作者
论文摘要
作为第一个分散的点对点(P2P)加密货币系统,使人们能够以化名地址进行贸易,近年来,比特币变得越来越受欢迎。但是,比特币的P2P和假名性质使该平台上的交易很难跟踪,从而触发了比特币生态系统中各种非法活动的出现。特别是,最初旨在增强交易匿名性的比特币中的混合服务已被广泛用于金钱洗衣店,以使拖延非法基金复杂化。在本文中,我们专注于检测属于混合服务的地址,这是对比特币反洗钱的重要任务。具体而言,我们提供了一个基于功能的网络分析框架,以确定来自三个级别的混合服务的统计属性,即网络级别,帐户级别和交易级别。为了更好地表征不同类型地址的交易模式,我们提出了归因于时间异质基序(ATH主题)的概念。此外,要处理不完美的标签问题,我们将混合检测任务作为一个积极且未标记的学习(PU学习)问题,并通过利用所考虑的功能来建立检测模型。对实际比特币数据集的实验证明了我们的检测模型的有效性以及包括ATH基序在混合检测中的混合基序的重要性。
As the first decentralized peer-to-peer (P2P) cryptocurrency system allowing people to trade with pseudonymous addresses, Bitcoin has become increasingly popular in recent years. However, the P2P and pseudonymous nature of Bitcoin make transactions on this platform very difficult to track, thus triggering the emergence of various illegal activities in the Bitcoin ecosystem. Particularly, mixing services in Bitcoin, originally designed to enhance transaction anonymity, have been widely employed for money laundry to complicate trailing illicit fund. In this paper, we focus on the detection of the addresses belonging to mixing services, which is an important task for anti-money laundering in Bitcoin. Specifically, we provide a feature-based network analysis framework to identify statistical properties of mixing services from three levels, namely, network level, account level and transaction level. To better characterize the transaction patterns of different types of addresses, we propose the concept of Attributed Temporal Heterogeneous motifs (ATH motifs). Moreover, to deal with the issue of imperfect labeling, we tackle the mixing detection task as a Positive and Unlabeled learning (PU learning) problem and build a detection model by leveraging the considered features. Experiments on real Bitcoin datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our detection model and the importance of hybrid motifs including ATH motifs in mixing detection.