论文标题
潮汐气体巨头的大气循环,旋转越来越多,对白锯布棕色划线系统的影响
Atmospheric circulation of tidally locked gas giants with increasing rotation and implications for white-dwarf-brown-dwarf systems
论文作者
论文摘要
潮汐锁定的气体巨头通常在几天的轨道中,这意味着在大气循环中旋转起着适中的作用。然而,存在一类气体巨型,高度辐照的物体 - 棕色矮人在极紧的轨道中绕着白色矮人绕着旋转的白色矮人 - - 轨道和旋转时期的旋转周期短至1-2小时。已经为这类对象获得了相位曲线和其他观察结果,从而提出了有关增加行星旋转速率在控制循环中的作用的基本问题。到目前为止,大多数建模研究都研究了典型的热木星的旋转周期超过一天。在这里,我们研究了潮汐锁定大气的大气循环,旋转期降低至2.5小时。随着旋转周期的减少,赤道向东射流的宽度减小,这与赤道波导的缩小一致,这是由于赤道变形半径的减小而导致的。向东偏移的赤道热点偏移相应减少,赤道向西移动的热区变得越来越独特。在高纬度地区,风变得较弱,旋转占主导地位。由于旋转的更强烈影响,昼夜温度对比变得更大。我们的模拟气氛表现出可变性,可能是由不稳定性和波浪相互作用引起的。与典型的热木星模型不同,快速旋转模型的热相曲线显示出峰值通量与次生食物的几乎对齐。该结果有助于解释为什么与热木星不同,许多棕色矮人绕着白矮人展示了与次要食物对齐的IR通量峰。我们的结果对理解快速旋转的潮汐锁定气氛具有重要意义。
Tidally locked gas giants are typically in several-day orbits, implying a modest role for rotation in the atmospheric circulation. Nevertheless, there exist a class of gas-giant, highly irradiated objects---brown dwarfs orbiting white dwarfs in extremely tight orbits---whose orbital and hence rotation periods are as short as 1-2 hours. Phase curves and other observations have already been obtained for this class of objects, raising fundamental questions about the role of increasing planetary rotation rate in controlling the circulation. So far, most modeling studies have investigated rotation periods exceeding a day, as appropriate for typical hot Jupiters. Here we investigate atmospheric circulation of tidally locked atmospheres with decreasing rotation periods down to 2.5 hours. With decreasing rotation period, the width of the equatorial eastward jet decreases, consistent with the narrowing of the equatorial waveguide due to a decrease of the equatorial deformation radius. The eastward-shifted equatorial hot spot offset decreases accordingly, and the off-equatorial westward-shifted hot areas become increasingly distinctive. At high latitudes, winds become weaker and more rotationally dominated. The day-night temperature contrast becomes larger due to the stronger influence of rotation. Our simulated atmospheres exhibit variability, presumably caused by instabilities and wave interactions. Unlike typical hot Jupiter models, thermal phase curves of rapidly rotating models show a near alignment of peak flux to secondary eclipse. This result helps to explain why, unlike hot Jupiters, many brown dwarfs orbiting white dwarfs exhibit IR flux peaks aligned with secondary eclipse. Our results have important implications for understanding fast-rotating, tidally locked atmospheres.