论文标题
电场中的磁铁：隐藏的力和动量保护
Magnets in an electric field: hidden forces and momentum conservation
论文作者
论文摘要
1967年，Shockley和James解决了电场中磁铁的情况。磁铁处于静止状态并包含电磁动量，但是没有明显的机械动量可以平衡这一动量保护。他们得出的结论是，磁铁中包含了某种称为“隐藏动量”的机械动量，并将这种动量归因于相对论效应，这一论点显然得到了科尔曼和范·弗莱克（Coleman and van Vleck）的证实。从那时起，已经认为电场中的磁偶极子具有这种新的动量形式，但是这种观点忽略了当电场在电场中形成磁铁或磁铁时会产生的电磁力。电磁力导致磁铁获得电磁动量，并具有相等和相反的机械动量，因此它正在以其原始休息框架移动。该运动参考框架被错误地视为据称显示隐藏动量的研究中的休息框架。在这里，我研究了对Shockley和James以及Coleman和Van Vleck的分析，并考虑了在均匀电场中形成的磁偶极子的模型。这些计算没有隐藏的动量。
In 1967 Shockley and James addressed the situation of a magnet in an electric field. The magnet is at rest and contains electromagnetic momentum, but there was no obvious mechanical momentum to balance this for momentum conservation. They concluded that some sort of mechanical momentum, which they called "hidden momentum", was contained in the magnet and ascribed this momentum to relativistic effects, a contention that was apparently confirmed by Coleman and Van Vleck. Since then, a magnetic dipole in an electric field has been considered to have this new form of momentum, but this view ignores the electromagnetic forces that arise when an electric field is applied to a magnet or a magnet is formed in an electric field. The electromagnetic forces result in the magnet gaining electromagnetic momentum and an equal and opposite amount of mechanical momentum so that it is moving in its original rest frame. This moving reference frame is erroneously taken to be the rest frame in studies that purport to show hidden momentum. Here I examine the analysis of Shockley and James and of Coleman and Van Vleck and consider a model of a magnetic dipole formed in a uniform electric field. These calculations show no hidden momentum.
