论文标题
使用光子改革者的高精度光谱降低模态噪声
Modal noise mitigation for high-precision spectroscopy using a photonic reformatter
论文作者
论文摘要
最近,我们证明了基于多项纤维光子灯笼和三维波导组件的天体光重新印度如何用于有效地重新格式化望远镜的点扩散功能,以衍生衍射的specuredo-slit [arxiv:arxiv:1512.07309]。在这里,我们演示了这种设备如何有效地减轻模态噪声 - 高分辨率多模式纤维馈光谱仪的潜在不稳定来源)。为了研究光子改革者的模态噪声性能,我们已经使用它将光馈入台式近红外光谱仪(r {\ ot} 9,500,λ{\ oft} 1550 nm)。量化模态噪声的一种方法涉及使用宽带激发光和统计分析,即对输入耦合条件的变化影响整体测量光谱如何影响。这种方法表明,与具有相似数量的引导模式的多模式纤维相比,光子改革者可以将模态噪声降低6倍。量化模态噪声的另一种方法涉及使用多个频谱狭窄的线条,并分析这些线的测得的barycentres如何受到输入耦合的变化影响。使用这种方法,观察到光子改革者将模态噪声抑制到使用单个模式纤维进料时观察到的光谱所需的水平。这些结果表明,使用光子改革剂可以实现在衍射极限下运行并没有模态噪声的有效多模式光谱仪的潜力,其中包括M-DWARF的径向速度测量的潜在应用。
Recently, we demonstrated how an astrophotonic light reformatting device, based on a multicore fibre photonic lantern and a three-dimensional waveguide component, can be used to efficiently reformat the point spread function of a telescope to a diffraction-limited psuedo-slit [arXiv:1512.07309]. Here, we demonstrate how such a device can also efficiently mitigate modal noise -- a potential source of instability in high resolution multi-mode fibre-fed spectrographs). To investigate the modal noise performance of the photonic reformatter, we have used it to feed light into a bench-top near-infrared spectrograph (R {\approx} 9,500, λ {\approx} 1550 nm). One approach to quantifying the modal noise involved the use of broadband excitation light and a statistical analysis of how the overall measured spectrum was affected by variations in the input coupling conditions. This approach indicated that the photonic reformatter could reduce modal noise by a factor of six when compared to a multi-mode fibre with a similar number of guided modes. Another approach to quantifying the modal noise involved the use of multiple spectrally narrow lines, and an analysis of how the measured barycentres of these lines were affected by variations in the input coupling. Using this approach, the photonic reformatter was observed to suppress modal noise to the level necessary to obtain spectra with stability close to that observed when using a single mode fibre feed. These results demonstrate the potential of using photonic reformatters to enable efficient multi-mode spectrographs that operate at the diffraction limit and are free of modal noise, with potential applications including radial velocity measurements of M-dwarfs.