论文标题
爱因斯坦1922年访问巴黎期间和之后的相对论和伯格森的持续时间和同时理论的理论
The Theories of Relativity and Bergson's Philosophy of Duration and Simultaneity During and After Einstein's 1922 Visit to Paris
论文作者
论文摘要
1922年，阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦（Albert Einstein）访问了巴黎，并与法国学术界的杰出部分进行了广泛的互动。爱因斯坦在法国科尔奇·德·德兰西（CollégeDeFrance）和索邦（Sorbonne）的过度填写中解释了他的相对论理论，著名的物理学家，数学家和哲学家倾听，辩论，质疑和探索了相对论的方面。 1922年的访问在许多参与的人的生活和作品中都有回声，特别是爱因斯坦和哲学家亨利·伯格森（Henri Bergson）的决定性。这篇文章研究了这一艰巨的访问，重点介绍了伯格森批评的身体和逻辑方面，以及物理学评论，将著名的法国物理学家和数学家Langevin，Painlevé，Hadamard，Becquerel，Sagnac，Sagnac和Kastler联系起来。我特别注意所涉及的物理问题的逻辑和经验准确性，描述了伯格森在爱因斯坦理论和随后的批评中的哲学热情的确切理由。伯格森（Bergson）在持续时间和同时性方面的哲学立场是在宇宙物理学后来发展以及涉及原子钟比较的经验数据的背景下重新评估的。最后，我们自然而然地完成了与物理学家时代的哲学家计划，持续时间和同时性的哲学家计划。在主要文本之后的附录中，我还为文本中所做的主张提供了物理背景和易于验证的证据，与相对性，同时性和时间膨胀有关，并明显区分了信念和事实。
In 1922, Albert Einstein visited Paris and interacted extensively with an illustrious section of the French academia. In overfilled sessions at the Collége de France and the Sorbonne, Einstein explained his theories of relativity, and prominent physicists, mathematicians and philosophers listened, debated, questioned and explored facets of relativity. The 1922 visit had its echoes in the life and works of many who participated, particularly decisive for Einstein and the philosopher Henri Bergson. This essay examines that eventful visit, focusing on the physical and logical aspects of Bergson's critique, with physics commentaries, linking prominent French physicists and mathematicians Langevin, Painlevé, Hadamard, Becquerel, Sagnac, and Kastler. I give particular attention to the logical and empirical accuracy of the physics issues involved, delineating Bergson's exact reasoning for his philosophical enthusiasm in Einstein's theory and for the ensuing critique. Bergson's philosophical stand on duration and simultaneity is reassessed in the context of later developments in cosmological physics as well as the wealth of empirical data involving comparison of atomic clocks. Finally we are led naturally to a surprising completion of the philosopher's program on universal time, duration and simultaneity, in harmony with the time of the physicist. In the appendices after the main text I also give the physics background and easily verifiable proofs for the assertions made in the text, pertaining to relativity, simultaneity and time dilation, clearly distinguishing beliefs and facts.
