论文标题

关于Bernoulli组测试的全部或全无的行为

On the All-Or-Nothing Behavior of Bernoulli Group Testing

论文作者

Truong, Lan V., Aldridge, Matthew, Scarlett, Jonathan

论文摘要

在本文中,我们研究了非自适应小组测试的问题,其中人们试图确定哪些项目有缺陷,因为一组适当设计的测试的结果表明其结果是否至少包括一个有缺陷的项目。最广泛的恢复标准旨在精确恢复整个有缺陷的集合,并且还考虑了诸如近似恢复和列表解码之类的放松标准。在本文中,我们研究了在显着放松的{\ em弱恢复}标准下的小组测试的基本限制,该标准仅寻求识别有缺陷项目的小部分(例如$ 0.01 $)。鉴于I.I.D. 〜Bernoulli测试对足够稀疏的缩放制度进行精确恢复的近乎异常性,很自然地询问该设计是否又一次成功,在较弱的恢复下进行测试较少。我们的主要负面结果表明事实并非如此,实际上,在足够稀疏的状态下进行随机测试下,一个{\ em all-or-nothing}现象发生:当测试数量略低于阈值以下时,恢复较弱,而当测试的次数略高于同一阈值时,则可以恢复较高的阈值。在建立此结果时,我们还证明了弱检测问题的Bernoulli设计下的类似负面结果(区分组测试模型与〜完全随机结果)以及确定绝对有缺陷的单个项目的问题。从积极的一面来看,我们表明,在适当选择的非bernoulli设计下,使用较少的测试可以达到所有三个放松的恢复标准。

In this paper, we study the problem of non-adaptive group testing, in which one seeks to identify which items are defective given a set of suitably-designed tests whose outcomes indicate whether or not at least one defective item was included in the test. The most widespread recovery criterion seeks to exactly recover the entire defective set, and relaxed criteria such as approximate recovery and list decoding have also been considered. In this paper, we study the fundamental limits of group testing under the significantly relaxed {\em weak recovery} criterion, which only seeks to identify a small fraction (e.g., $0.01$) of the defective items. Given the near-optimality of i.i.d.~Bernoulli testing for exact recovery in sufficiently sparse scaling regimes, it is natural to ask whether this design additionally succeeds with much fewer tests under weak recovery. Our main negative result shows that this is not the case, and in fact, under i.i.d.~Bernoulli random testing in the sufficiently sparse regime, an {\em all-or-nothing} phenomenon occurs: When the number of tests is slightly below a threshold, weak recovery is impossible, whereas when the number of tests is slightly above the same threshold, high-probability exact recovery is possible. In establishing this result, we additionally prove similar negative results under Bernoulli designs for the weak detection problem (distinguishing between the group testing model vs.~completely random outcomes) and the problem of identifying a single item that is definitely defective. On the positive side, we show that all three relaxed recovery criteria can be attained using considerably fewer tests under suitably-chosen non-Bernoulli designs.

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