论文标题
MRZERO-使用监督学习完全自动发现MRI序列
MRzero -- Fully automated discovery of MRI sequences using supervised learning
论文作者
论文摘要
目的:提出了一个有监督的学习框架,以根据目标对比自动生成MR序列和相应的重建。结合灵活的任务驱动成本功能,这可以有效探索新型MR序列策略。方法:扫描和重建过程是根据RF事件,X和Y中的梯度力矩事件以及延迟时间的端到端模拟,作用于质子密度,T1和T2以及$Δ$ B0的输入模型旋转系统。作为概念证明,我们同时使用常规的MR图像和T1地图作为目标,并使用数据保真度,SAR惩罚和扫描时间定义的损失从头开始优化。结果:在第一次尝试中,\ textit {mrzero}从零学习梯度和RF事件,并能够生成由常规梯度回声序列产生的目标图像。在重建模块中使用神经网络可以成功学习任意目标。实验可以转化为真实系统(3T Siemens,Prisma)的图像采集,并且可以在幻像和人脑\ Textit {in Vivo}的测量中进行验证。结论:基于可区分的BLOCH方程模拟和监督学习方法,自动化的MR序列产生是可能的。
Purpose: A supervised learning framework is proposed to automatically generate MR sequences and corresponding reconstruction based on the target contrast of interest. Combined with a flexible, task-driven cost function this allows for an efficient exploration of novel MR sequence strategies. Methods: The scanning and reconstruction process is simulated end-to-end in terms of RF events, gradient moment events in x and y, and delay times, acting on the input model spin system given in terms of proton density, T1 and T2, and $Δ$B0. As a proof of concept, we use both conventional MR images and T1 maps as targets and optimize from scratch using the loss defined by data fidelity, SAR penalty, and scan time. Results: In a first attempt, \textit{MRzero} learns gradient and RF events from zero, and is able to generate a target image produced by a conventional gradient echo sequence. Using a neural network within the reconstruction module allows arbitrary targets to be learned successfully. Experiments could be translated to image acquisition at the real system (3T Siemens, PRISMA) and could be verified in the measurements of phantoms and a human brain \textit{in vivo}. Conclusions: Automated MR sequence generation is possible based on differentiable Bloch equation simulations and a supervised learning approach.