论文标题

X射线年度调制由XMM-Newton和Axion Quark Nugget暗物质观察到

X-ray annual modulation observed by XMM-Newton and Axion Quark Nugget Dark Matter

论文作者

Ge, Shuailiang, Rachmat, Hikari, Siddiqui, Md Shahriar Rahim, Van Waerbeke, Ludovic, Zhitnitsky, Ariel

论文摘要

XMM-Newton天文台显示的证据,置信水平为11 $σ$,表明在2-6 KEV能量范围内X射线背景的季节性变化(Fraser等人,2014年)。作者认为,观察到的季节性变化表明可能与暗物质有联系。我们提出了一个涉及斧头夸克掘金(AQN)暗物质模型的解释。在我们的提议中,AQN可以越过地球并在其出口处散发高能光子。我们表明,发射光谱与(Fraser等,2014)一致,并且我们的计算对模型的特定细节不敏感。我们的建议预测,季节性差异很大,水平为20-25%,比传统的暗物质模型大得多(1-10%)。由于AQN发射光谱范围延伸至$ \ sim $ 100 keV,远远超出了XMM-Newton的KeV敏感性,因此我们预测AQN对硬X射线的贡献和地球环境中的$γ$ ray背景。费米望远镜上的伽马射线突发显示器(GBM)仪器对8 KEV-40 MEV能量带敏感。 Nustar(核光谱望远镜阵列)是NASA空间的X射线望远镜,在3至79 KEV范围内运行,对较高的能带也很敏感。我们建议,来自GBM或NUSTAR的多年档案数据可用于在高达100 keV的近地环境中寻找季节性变化,作为对AQN框架的未来测试。

The XMM-Newton observatory shows evidence, with a 11$σ$ confidence level, for seasonal variation of the X-ray background in the near-Earth environment in the 2-6 keV energy range (Fraser et al. 2014). The authors argue that the observed seasonal variation suggests a possible link with dark matter. We propose an explanation which involves the Axion Quark Nugget (AQN) dark matter model. In our proposal, AQNs can cross the Earth and emit high energy photons at their exit. We show that the emitted spectrum is consistent with (Fraser et al. 2014), and that our calculation is not sensitive to the specific details of the model. Our proposal predicts a large seasonal variation, on the level of 20-25%, much larger than conventional dark matter models (1-10%). Since the AQN emission spectrum extends up to $\sim $ 100 keV, well beyond the keV sensitivity of XMM-Newton, we predict the AQN contribution to the hard X-ray and $γ$-ray backgrounds in the Earth's environment. The Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) instrument, aboard the FERMI telescope, is sensitive to the 8 keV-40 MeV energy band. The NuSTAR (Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array) is a NASA space based X ray telescope which operates in the range 3 to 79 keV is also sensitive to higher energy bands. We suggest that the multi-year archival data from the GBM or NuSTAR could be used to search for a seasonal variation in the near-Earth environment up to 100 keV as a future test of the AQN framework.

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