论文标题
时间分辨的多模杂差检测，用于剖析物质的相干状态
Time-resolved multimode heterodyne detection for dissecting coherent states of matter
论文作者
论文摘要
揭开和控制低能状态的相干演变是获得光驱动新功能材料的关键。在这里，我们通过飞秒时间分辨的多模质杂化检测来研究低光子数模式下非平衡光子phonon拉曼相互作用的相干演变。弱探针光谱成分的时间依赖性通过与形状相锁定的参考场的干扰放大来揭示，从而可以进行频率选择性扩增。我们报告对$α$ -Quartz的测量值，该测量表明探针光谱成分的幅度和相位均以声子频率调制，但在质量上不同的响应分别代表了原子的时间依赖性位置和动量。我们强调，这里达到的灵敏度（每个脉冲1-10个光子）可能与量子信息技术和有关光敏材料的时域研究相关。
Unveiling and controlling the coherent evolution of low energy states is a key to attain light driven new functionalities of materials. Here we investigate the coherent evolution of non-equilibrium photon-phonon Raman interactions in the low photon number regime via femtosecond time-resolved multimode heterodyne detection. The time dependence of the weak probe spectral components is revealed by interferential amplification with shaped phase-locked reference fields that allow for a frequency selective amplification. We report measurements on $α$-quartz that show that both amplitude and phase of the probe spectral components are modulated at the phonon frequency, but encode qualitatively different responses which are representative respectively of the time dependent position and momentum of the atoms. We stress that the sensitivity achieved here (1-10 photons per pulse) may be of relevance for both quantum information technologies and time domain studies on photosensitive materials.
