论文标题

使用致密VNET对脑肿瘤患者的磁共振成像进行强大的自动全脑提取

Robust Automatic Whole Brain Extraction on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Brain Tumor Patients using Dense-Vnet

论文作者

Ranjbar, Sara, Singleton, Kyle W., Curtin, Lee, Rickertsen, Cassandra R., Paulson, Lisa E., Hu, Leland S., Mitchell, J. Ross, Swanson, Kristin R.

论文摘要

整个大脑提取,也称为头骨剥离,是神经成像中的一个过程,其中非脑组织(例如头骨,眼球,皮肤等)从神经图像中删除。颅骨条是术前计划,皮质重建和自动肿瘤分割的初步步骤。尽管文献中有大量的颅骨剥离方法,但很少有足够准确的精确性用于处理病理学的MRIS,尤其是患有脑肿瘤的MRI。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种深度学习方法,用于肿瘤学中的颅骨条带常见的MRI序列,例如与脑肿瘤患者的T1加权(T1GD)(T1GD)和T2加权流体恢复反转恢复(FLAIR)。我们使用SPM12软件自动创建了灰质,白色物质和CSF概率面具,并将掩码合并为一个,以进行最终的全脑面膜进行模型训练。针对手动脑面具测试了模型的骰子一致性,灵敏度和特异性(本文称为深脑)。为了评估数据效率,我们使用较少的培训数据示例对模型进行了重新训练,并计算了每轮训练的模型的测试集的平均骰子得分。此外,我们对LBP40A数据集的健康大脑MRI进行了测试。总体而言,深脑的平均骰子得分为94.5%,灵敏度为96.4%,对脑肿瘤数据的特异性为98.5%。对于健康的大脑,模型性能提高到96.2%的骰子得分,灵敏度为96.6%,特异性为99.2%。数据效率实验表明,对于这项特定任务,只有50个训练样本可以达到可比的准确性水平。总而言之,这项研究表明,在自动生成的标签上训练的深度学习模型可以在几秒钟内对脑肿瘤患者的MRI产生更准确的脑面膜。

Whole brain extraction, also known as skull stripping, is a process in neuroimaging in which non-brain tissue such as skull, eyeballs, skin, etc. are removed from neuroimages. Skull striping is a preliminary step in presurgical planning, cortical reconstruction, and automatic tumor segmentation. Despite a plethora of skull stripping approaches in the literature, few are sufficiently accurate for processing pathology-presenting MRIs, especially MRIs with brain tumors. In this work we propose a deep learning approach for skull striping common MRI sequences in oncology such as T1-weighted with gadolinium contrast (T1Gd) and T2-weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) in patients with brain tumors. We automatically created gray matter, white matter, and CSF probability masks using SPM12 software and merged the masks into one for a final whole-brain mask for model training. Dice agreement, sensitivity, and specificity of the model (referred herein as DeepBrain) was tested against manual brain masks. To assess data efficiency, we retrained our models using progressively fewer training data examples and calculated average dice scores on the test set for the models trained in each round. Further, we tested our model against MRI of healthy brains from the LBP40A dataset. Overall, DeepBrain yielded an average dice score of 94.5%, sensitivity of 96.4%, and specificity of 98.5% on brain tumor data. For healthy brains, model performance improved to a dice score of 96.2%, sensitivity of 96.6% and specificity of 99.2%. The data efficiency experiment showed that, for this specific task, comparable levels of accuracy could have been achieved with as few as 50 training samples. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a deep learning model trained on minimally processed automatically-generated labels can generate more accurate brain masks on MRI of brain tumor patients within seconds.

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