论文标题
用望远镜阵列的黑色岩石台面和长脊荧光探测器和杂化模式的表面阵列测量质子空气横截面
Measurement of the Proton-Air Cross Section with Telescope Array's Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge Fluorescence Detectors, and Surface Array in Hybrid Mode
论文作者
论文摘要
超高能宇宙射线为测量质子横截面提供了宇宙中最高的能源。尽管用于收集此类数据的条件比加速器环境受到控制，但当前一代宇宙射线观测器的暴露量足够大，可以收集重要的统计数据，以实现可靠的测量，以高于实验室所能达到的能量。横截面的宇宙射线测量结果使用大气量热法来测量与主要粒子的能量和质量有关的空气淋浴最大值（$ x _ {\ mathrm {max}} $）。假定$ x _ {\ mathrm {max}} $分布的尾巴被质子生成的淋浴所主导，从而允许测量无弹性质子 - 空气横截面。 In this work the proton-air inelastic cross section measurement, $σ^{\mathrm{inel}}_{\mathrm{p-air}}$, using data observed by Telescope Array's Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge fluorescence detectors and surface detector array in hybrid mode is presented. $σ^{\ mathrm {inel}} _ {\ mathrm {p-air}} $被观察到$ 520.1 \ pm 35.8 $ [stat。] $^{+25.0} _ { - 40} _ { - 40}随后从Glauber形式主义推断出总质子 - 蛋白质横截面，发现为$σ ^{\ Mathrm {tot}} _ {\ Mathrm {pp}} = 139.4 ^{+23.4 ^{+23.4} _ { - 21.3} $ [stat。 ^{+15.0} _ { - 24.0} $ [sys。] 〜mb。
Ultra high energy cosmic rays provide the highest known energy source in the universe to measure proton cross sections. Though conditions for collecting such data are less controlled than an accelerator environment, current generation cosmic ray observatories have large enough exposures to collect significant statistics for a reliable measurement for energies above what can be attained in the lab. Cosmic ray measurements of cross section use atmospheric calorimetry to measure depth of air shower maximum ($X_{\mathrm{max}}$), which is related to the primary particle's energy and mass. The tail of the $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ distribution is assumed to be dominated by showers generated by protons, allowing measurement of the inelastic proton-air cross section. In this work the proton-air inelastic cross section measurement, $σ^{\mathrm{inel}}_{\mathrm{p-air}}$, using data observed by Telescope Array's Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge fluorescence detectors and surface detector array in hybrid mode is presented. $σ^{\mathrm{inel}}_{\mathrm{p-air}}$ is observed to be $520.1 \pm 35.8$[Stat.] $^{+25.0}_{-40}$[Sys.]~mb at $\sqrt{s} = 73$ TeV. The total proton-proton cross section is subsequently inferred from Glauber formalism and is found to be $σ^{\mathrm{tot}}_{\mathrm{pp}} = 139.4 ^{+23.4}_{-21.3}$ [Stat.]$ ^{+15.0}_{-24.0}$[Sys.]~mb.
