论文标题
磁液滴孤子
Magnetic Droplet Solitons
论文作者
论文摘要
磁液滴孤子是动态磁纹理，由于垂直磁各向异性的薄膜中自旋波之间的相互作用而形成了动态磁纹理。自旋电流和与这些电流相关的自旋扭矩可以使它们的形成能够激发非平衡自旋波种群并补偿其衰减。近年来，实现和研究磁力液滴的实验中已经取得了迅速的进步。重要的进步包括第一个直接的X射线图像，确定其阈值和维持电流，测量产生以及an灭时间以及漂移不稳定性的证据，这可能会限制其在旋转转移纳米角色中的寿命。本文回顾了这些研究，并将这些孤子与其他类型的自旋流动激发（例如自旋波子子弹，以及静态磁纹理）（包括磁涡流和天空矩阵）进行了对比。磁液滴孤子还可以用作电流受控的微波频率振荡器，并具有潜在应用在神经形态芯片中，作为具有记忆的非线性振荡器。
Magnetic droplet solitons are dynamical magnetic textures that form due to an attractive interaction between spin waves in thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Spin currents and the spin torques associated with these currents enable their formation as they provide a means to excite non-equilibrium spin wave populations and compensate their decay. Recent years have seen rapid advances in experiments that realize and study magnetic droplets. Important advances include the first direct x-ray images of droplets, determination of their threshold and sustaining currents, measurement of their generation and annihilation time and evidence for drift instabilities, which can limit their lifetime in spin-transfer nanocontacts. This article reviews these studies and contrasts these solitons to other types of spin-current excitations such as spin-wave bullets, and static magnetic textures, including magnetic vortices and skyrmions. Magnetic droplet solitons can also serve as current controlled microwave frequency oscillators with potential applications in neuromorphic chips as nonlinear oscillators with memory.
