论文标题
通过旋转轨道 - 角摩膜耦合在费米超流体中产生巨大的涡流
Generating Giant Vortex in a Fermi Superfluid via Spin-Orbital-Angular-Momentum Coupling
论文作者
论文摘要
在最近的Bose-Einerstein冷凝物实验中，已经实现了旋转轨道 - 角摩肌（SOAM）耦合[Chen等，Phys。莱特牧师。 121，113204（2018）和Zhang等人，物理学。莱特牧师。 122，110402（2019）]，其中轨道上印在玻色子上的轨道动量导致量化涡流。对于费米子，这种异国情调的合成规场可以为迷人的配对方案和丰富的超流体阶段提供肥沃的地面，这尚待探索。在这里，我们演示了soam如何通过独特的机制稳定费米超流体中的涡旋，该机制可以看作是在费米表面变形下与旋转轨道耦合诱导的fulde-ferrell状态的旋转类似物。值得注意的是，涡旋尺寸与拉曼激光器产生的soam耦合的横梁腰部相当，该耦合通常比费米超级流体中先前观察到的涡流大得多。这些巨大的涡流状态具有可调的大小和核心结构，为费米超流体中的拓扑缺陷提供了前所未有的实验访问。
Spin-orbital-angular-momentum (SOAM) coupling has been realized in recent experiments of Bose-Einstein condensates [Chen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 113204 (2018) and Zhang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 110402 (2019)], where the orbital angular momentum imprinted upon bosons leads to quantized vortices. For fermions, such an exotic synthetic gauge field can provide fertile ground for fascinating pairing schemes and rich superfluid phases, which are yet to be explored. Here we demonstrate how SOAM coupling stabilizes vortices in Fermi superfluids through a unique mechanism that can be viewed as the angular analog to that of the spin-orbit-coupling-induced Fulde-Ferrell state under a Fermi surface deformation. Remarkably, the vortex size is comparable with the beam waist of Raman lasers generating the SOAM coupling, which is typically much larger than previously observed vortices in Fermi superfluids. With tunable size and core structure, these giant vortex states provide unprecedented experimental access to topological defects in Fermi superfluids.
