论文标题
缓解宇宙紧张局势，开放式宇宙
Easing cosmic tensions with an open and hotter universe
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管标准宇宙学模型的观察成功取得了巨大的成功，但在推断参数约束中的某些差异已经在许多宇宙学数据集中表现出来。这些包括从宇宙微波背景（CMB）推断出的宇宙的膨胀速率以及从当地测量结果中发现的，对CMB镜头的增强振幅的偏爱，CMB的四极矩时CMB波动的较低倍数较低，并且比起较低的幅度相比，从较低的幅度升级了大量的层次。我们在添加空间曲率和可能偏离其局部测量值的游离CMB背景温度下分析了这些观察性张力。 With inclusion of these parameters, we observe a trend in the parameter constraints from CMB and baryon acoustic oscillation data towards an open and hotter universe with larger current expansion rate, standard CMB lensing amplitudes, lower amplitude of matter fluctuations, and marginally lower CMB quadrupole moment, consistently reducing the individual tensions among the cosmological data sets.将这些数据与局部距离测量结果相结合，我们发现对一个超过99.7％置信度的开放式宇宙的偏好。最后，我们简要讨论局部空隙，作为局部测量的CMB温度偏离其背景值的可能来源，并作为CMB光子的负空间曲率的模仿。这种解释意味着在我们当地的$ \ sim $ \ sim $ 10-100 mpc直径的$ \ sim $ 20％的不足，这很好地属于宇宙差异。
Despite the great observational success of the standard cosmological model some discrepancies in the inferred parameter constraints have manifested among a number of cosmological data sets. These include a tension between the expansion rate of our Cosmos as inferred from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and as found from local measurements, the preference for an enhanced amplitude of CMB lensing, a somewhat low quadrupole moment of the CMB fluctuations as well as a preference for a lower amplitude of matter fluctuations in large-scale structure surveys than inferred from the CMB. We analyse these observational tensions under the addition of spatial curvature and a free CMB background temperature that may deviate from its locally measured value. With inclusion of these parameters, we observe a trend in the parameter constraints from CMB and baryon acoustic oscillation data towards an open and hotter universe with larger current expansion rate, standard CMB lensing amplitudes, lower amplitude of matter fluctuations, and marginally lower CMB quadrupole moment, consistently reducing the individual tensions among the cosmological data sets. Combining this data with local distance measurements, we find a preference for an open and hotter universe beyond the 99.7% confidence level. Finally, we briefly discuss a local void as a possible source for a deviation of the locally measured CMB temperature from its background value and as mimic of negative spatial curvature for CMB photons. This interpretation implies a $\sim$20% underdensity in our local neighbourhood of $\sim$10-100 Mpc in diameter, which is well within cosmic variance.
