论文标题
在星际培养基中首次检测13ch
First detection of 13CH in the interstellar medium
论文作者
论文摘要
近年来,甲基二烯(CH)的亚MM和FIR转变的大量高光谱分辨率观察已证明这是H2的有价值代理,可用于表征星际介质(ISM)内的分子气(ISM)中的分子气(包括共制中),包括共制件。在这里,我们使用板上的升高接收器在ISM中报告了13CH同位素的发现。我们已经检测到2THz频率从其地面向四个高质量恒星形成区域的三个超细结构分量,并确定了13ch色谱柱密度。 ISM中含有碳的分子的无处不在,已将碳的两种稳定同位素(12C/13C)的丰度确定变成了用于银河化学化学演化研究的基石。同时显示出具有半乳突距离的上升梯度时,当使用不同分子(CO,H2CO等)观察结果测量时,该比率显示出根据所使用的示踪剂的变化而显示的系统变化。这些观察到的不一致可能是由光学深度效应,化学分离或同位素选择性的光隔离引起的。 CH是通过紫外线驱动或湍流驱动的化学形成的,反映了C+的分馏,并且与以前用于确定12C/13C同位素比率的其他分子不同,这使得它成为整个银河系中12C/13C的理想轨迹。因此,通过将13CH的派生柱密度与先前获得的主要同位素学12CH的相应跃迁的索非亚数据进行比较,我们将12C/13C同位素比率降低到SGR B2(M),G34.26+0.15,W49(N)和W51E。将我们从12/13CH得出的值添加到银河同位素梯度的先前计算中,我们得出了12C/13C的修订值= 5.85(0.50)R_GC + 15.03(3.40)。
In recent years, a plethora of high spectral resolution observations of sub-mm and FIR transitions of methylidene (CH), have demonstrated this radical to be a valuable proxy for H2, that can be used for characterising molecular gas within the interstellar medium (ISM) on a Galactic scale, including the CO-dark component. Here we report the discovery of the 13CH isotopologue in the ISM using the upGREAT receiver on board SOFIA. We have detected the three hyperfine structure components of the 2THz frequency transition from its ground-state toward four high-mass star-forming regions and determine 13CH column densities. The ubiquity of molecules containing carbon in the ISM has turned the determination of the ratio between the abundances of carbon's two stable isotopes, 12C/13C, into a cornerstone for Galactic chemical evolution studies. Whilst displaying a rising gradient with Galactocentric distance, this ratio, when measured using observations of different molecules (CO, H2CO, and others) shows systematic variations depending on the tracer used. These observed inconsistencies may arise from optical depth effects, chemical fractionation or isotope-selective photo-dissociation. Formed from C+ either via UV-driven or turbulence-driven chemistry, CH reflects the fractionation of C+, and does not show any significant fractionation effects unlike other molecules previously used to determine the 12C/13C isotopic ratio which make it an ideal tracer for the 12C/13C ratio throughout the Galaxy. Therefore, by comparing the derived column densities of 13CH with previously obtained SOFIA data of the corresponding transitions of the main isotopologue 12CH, we derive 12C/13C isotopic ratios toward Sgr B2(M), G34.26+0.15, W49(N) and W51E. Adding our values derived from 12/13CH to previous calculations of the Galactic isotopic gradient we derive a revised value of 12C/13C = 5.85(0.50)R_GC + 15.03(3.40).