论文标题
在矩形通道中宽度跳跃的浅水方程的精确解决方案riemann问题
The exact solution to the Shallow water Equations Riemann problem at width jumps in rectangular channels
论文作者
论文摘要
在几何不连续性方面的黎曼问题是一个经典而有趣的液压问题。在本文中,提出了对单调宽度不连续性的一维浅水方程的Riemann问题的完整解决方案。该解决方案基于这样的假设:状态在左侧和不连续的右侧之间的关系是一维变宽浅水方程的固定弱解。已经证明,解决黎曼问题的解决方案始终存在,并且是独特的,但是在某些情况下可以解决三种解决方案。多个溶液的出现与一种被称为液压滞后的现象有关,在收缩通道中观察到了超临界流。对文献的有限体积数值方案的分析(Cozzolino等人,2018b)表明,当可能的多个溶液可能时,该算法以超临界流的宽度不连续性捕获了溶液。有趣的是,一维的可变宽度浅水方程与一维多孔浅水方程式正式相同,这意味着本文中讨论的精确解决方案和数值方案与二维多孔浅水数值模型有关,旨在旨在用于城市洪水模拟模拟。此处介绍的确切解决方案不仅可以用作基准,而且还可以用作建造新算法的指南,甚至可以将其嵌入到精确的求解器中。
Riemann problems at geometric discontinuities are a classic and fascinating issue of hydraulics. In the present paper, the complete solution to the Riemann problem of the one-dimensional Shallow water Equations at monotonic width discontinuities is presented. This solution is based on the assumption that the relationship between the states immediately to the left and to the right of the discontinuity is a stationary weak solution of the one-dimensional variable-width Shallow water Equations. It is demonstrated that the solution to the Riemann problem always exists and it is unique, but there are cases where three solutions are possible. The appearance of multiple solutions is connected to a phenomenon, known as hydraulic hysteresis, observed for supercritical flow in contracting channel. The analysis of a Finite Volume numerical scheme from the literature (Cozzolino et al. 2018b) shows that the algorithm captures the solution with supercritical flow through the width discontinuity when multiple solutions are possible. Interestingly, the one-dimensional variable-width Shallow water Equations are formally identical to the one-dimensional Porous Shallow water Equations, implying that the exact solutions and the numerical scheme discussed in the present paper are relevant for two-dimensional Porous Shallow water numerical models aiming at urban flooding simulations. The exact solution presented here may be used not only as a benchmark, but also as a guide for the construction of new algorithms, and it can be even embedded in an exact solver.