论文标题
公平分配疫苗，呼吸机和抗病毒治疗：在医疗保健配给中没有道德价值
Fair Allocation of Vaccines, Ventilators and Antiviral Treatments: Leaving No Ethical Value Behind in Health Care Rationing
论文作者
论文摘要
传统上，优先制度是在公共卫生紧急情况下分配稀缺生命资源的首选协议。 Covid-19揭示了该分配规则的局限性。许多人认为，优先制度通过歧视处境不利的社区来放弃诸如公平之类的道德价值观。我们表明，传统优先系统的限制性特征在很大程度上驱动了这些局限性。遵循简约的市场设计，这是一个整合研究和政策努力的机构设计范式，我们将稀缺生命资源的大流行分配作为市场设计的新应用。我们仅干扰优先系统的限制性特征以解决其缺点，我们将储备系统作为替代性分配规则。我们的理论分析发展了储备设计的一般理论。我们将我们的分析与Covid-19期间的辩论联系起来，并描述了论文对政策和实践的影响。
A priority system has traditionally been the protocol of choice for the allocation of scarce life-saving resources during public health emergencies. Covid-19 revealed the limitations of this allocation rule. Many argue that priority systems abandon ethical values such as equity by discriminating against disadvantaged communities. We show that a restrictive feature of the traditional priority system largely drives these limitations. Following minimalist market design, an institution design paradigm that integrates research and policy efforts, we formulate pandemic allocation of scarce life-saving resources as a new application of market design. Interfering only with the restrictive feature of the priority system to address its shortcomings, we formulate a reserve system as an alternative allocation rule. Our theoretical analysis develops a general theory of reserve design. We relate our analysis to debates during Covid-19 and describe the impact of our paper on policy and practice.
