论文标题
一般多末端超导氢化设备中非平衡噪声的理论:应用于多个库珀对共振
Theory of non-equilibrium noise in general multi-terminal superconducting hydrid devices: application to multiple Cooper pair resonances
论文作者
论文摘要
我们考虑了由几种超导或/和正常金属铅组成的一般介观设备的不平衡行为,这些介质设备被量子点分开。从微观哈密顿的描述开始,我们提供了一种非扰动方法来在点和铅之间的隧道幅度中进行量子电子传输:使用相当于路径积分配方的等效范围,自由度被整合在一起,以便在此类量子上量化的量子量的量子量的量子量的量子,以衡量量的量子,以计算量的量子。为了说明这种形式主义的效率,我们将结果应用于“所有超导库珀对梁分离器”,这是由通过两个量子点连接的三个超导导线组成的设备,在那里交叉的Andreevevection cooper Pair cooper Pair spling spling。这三个导线之间的相称的电压差异可以使电流和噪声的表达式作为Keldysh Nambu Floquet的函数,使DOT系统的绿色功能呈现。这种电压构型允许出现涉及多个Cooper对的非本地过程,这些过程最终导致在异常情况下存在非零DC电流。我们详细研究了在相反电压的特定情况下获得数值噪声的结果,其中传输性能由所谓的“四重奏过程”主导,涉及所有三个超导终端中两个库珀对的相干交换。我们表明,这些过程在非共鸣的情况下是无声的,并且对于其他电压配置也可以观察到此属性。当点处于共振状态时,噪声特性随着巨型Fano因素的出现而定性变化。
We consider the out-of-equilibrium behavior of a general class of mesoscopic devices composed of several superconducting or/and normal metal leads separated by quantum dots. Starting from a microscopic Hamiltonian description, we provide a non-perturbative approach to quantum electronic transport in the tunneling amplitudes between dots and leads: using the equivalent of a path integral formulation, the lead degrees of freedom are integrated out in order to compute both the current and the current correlations (noise) in this class of systems, in terms of the dressed Green's function matrix of the quantum dots. In order to illustrate the efficiency of this formalism, we apply our results to the "all superconducting Cooper pair beam splitter", a device composed of three superconducting leads connected via two quantum dots, where crossed Andreev reflection operates Cooper pair splitting. Commensurate voltage differences between the three leads allow to obtain expressions for the current and noise as a function of the Keldysh Nambu Floquet dressed Green's function of the dot system. This voltage configuration allows the occurrence of non-local processes involving multiple Cooper pairs which ultimately lead to the presence of non-zero DC currents in an out-of-equilibrium situation. We investigate in details the results for the noise obtained numerically in the specific case of opposite voltages, where the transport properties are dominated by the so called "quartet processes", involving the coherent exchange of two Cooper pairs among all three superconducting terminals. We show that these processes are noiseless in the non-resonant case, and that this property is also observed for other voltage configurations. When the dots are in a resonant regime, the noise characteristics change qualitatively, with the appearance of giant Fano factors.