论文标题
探索量子工作有效性的程度，在存在弱测量的情况下
Exploring the extent of validity of quantum work fluctuation theorems in the presence of weak measurements
论文作者
论文摘要
已知量子工作波动定理将工作定义为在系统的初始和最终实现过程实现的最初和最终时间，将工作定义为在系统的哈密顿量进行的投影测量结果之间的差异。最近的一项研究表明，如果测量的性质更笼统，则该定理会崩溃，即，如果使用了正算子的有价值测量值，并且偏差仅在操作员在本质上变为投影的极限。我们研究了一个简单的两国系统，该系统在线性依赖时间的哈密顿量下经历了统一进化，并验证上述陈述的有效性。我们进一步定义了工作的弱价值，并表明与确切的工作波动定理的偏差在这种形式主义中要少得多。
Quantum work fluctuation theorems are known to hold when the work is defined as the difference between the outcomes of projective measurements carried out on the Hamiltonian of the system at the initial and the final time instants of the experimental realization of the process. A recent study showed that the theorem breaks down if the measurement is of a more general nature, i.e. if a positive operator valued measurement is used, and the deviation vanishes only in the limit where the operators become projective in nature. We study a simple two-state system subjected to a unitary evolution under a Hamiltonian that is linearly dependent on time, and verify the validity of the above statement. We further define a weak value of work and show that the deviation from the exact work fluctuation theorems are much less in this formalism.
