论文标题
本地化POVM和固有的时间不确定性
Localization POVMs and intrinsic temporal uncertainty
论文作者
论文摘要
Hegerfeld悖论所证明的有关相对论量子系统本地化的因果关系问题是通过单粒子操作员的适当形式主义来解决的。从与适当时间表相关的物理变量在位置规范中具有突出作用的前提，因为它们不依赖于连接到外部观察者连接的经典参数，我们获得了一个单粒子形式主义，其中与POVM测量与POVM测量相关联的显式协方差的四个矢量操作员描述了本地化，由POVM测量值与POVM测量相关联。在此结果的后果之一中，我们强调，身体上可接受的状态必然与存在时间不确定性的存在相关，并且其适当的时间演变不受Hegerfeldt预测的因果关系的影响。
The causality issues concerning the localization of relativistic quantum systems, as evidenced by Hegerfeld's paradox, are addressed through a proper-time formalism of single-particle operators. Starting from the premise that physical variables associated to the proper-time gauge have a prominent role in the specification of position, since they do not depend on classical parameters connected to an external observer, we obtain a single-particle formalism in which localization is described by explicitly covariant four-vector operators associated with POVM measurements parametrized by the system's proper-time. Among the consequences of this result, we emphasize that physically acceptable states are necessarily associated with the existence of a temporal uncertainty and their proper-time evolution is not subject to the causality violation predicted by Hegerfeldt.
