论文标题
型号驱动的对人类在循环多UAV任务的要求
Model-Driven Requirements for Humans-on-the-Loop Multi-UAV Missions
论文作者
论文摘要
使用半自治的无人驾驶汽车(无人机或无人机)来支持应急方案,例如消防监视和搜索搜索,具有巨大的社会利益。车载传感器和人工智能(AI)允许这些无人机在环境中自动运行。但是,人类的智能和领域专业知识对于计划和指导无人机来完成任务至关重要。因此,人类和多个无人机需要作为一个团队进行合作,以成功地进行时间关键任务。我们提出了一种元模型来描述人类运营商和无人机的自动群之间的相互作用。元模型还提供了一种语言来描述无人机和人类的作用以及自主决定。我们使用要求启发问题的模板来补充元模型,以得出特定任务的模型。我们还确定了人类应与无人机合作以增强无人机的自主权的常见场景。我们介绍了元模型和需求启发过程,其中摘自搜索和救援任务的示例,其中多个无人机与人类合作以应对紧急情况。然后,我们将其应用于第二种情况,在这种情况下,无人机支持第一响应者在与结构性火灾作斗争中。我们的结果表明,元模型和问题模板支持这些复杂任务的人类互动的建模,这表明它是为多UAVS任务建模的人类对循环相互作用的有用工具。
The use of semi-autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs or drones) to support emergency response scenarios, such as fire surveillance and search-and-rescue, has the potential for huge societal benefits. Onboard sensors and artificial intelligence (AI) allow these UAVs to operate autonomously in the environment. However, human intelligence and domain expertise are crucial in planning and guiding UAVs to accomplish the mission. Therefore, humans and multiple UAVs need to collaborate as a team to conduct a time-critical mission successfully. We propose a meta-model to describe interactions among the human operators and the autonomous swarm of UAVs. The meta-model also provides a language to describe the roles of UAVs and humans and the autonomous decisions. We complement the meta-model with a template of requirements elicitation questions to derive models for specific missions. We also identify common scenarios where humans should collaborate with UAVs to augment the autonomy of the UAVs. We introduce the meta-model and the requirements elicitation process with examples drawn from a search-and-rescue mission in which multiple UAVs collaborate with humans to respond to the emergency. We then apply it to a second scenario in which UAVs support first responders in fighting a structural fire. Our results show that the meta-model and the template of questions support the modeling of the human-on-the-loop human interactions for these complex missions, suggesting that it is a useful tool for modeling the human-on-the-loop interactions for multi-UAVs missions.