论文标题
小规模引起的原始黑洞的重力波，严格的较低质量结合，以及早期物质到辐射过渡的烙印
Small scale induced gravitational waves from primordial black holes, a stringent lower mass bound, and the imprints of an early matter to radiation transition
论文作者
论文摘要
在原始黑洞（PBH）形成的所有通货膨胀情况下，放大标量扰动不可避免地伴随着较小的尺度的诱发随机重力波背景（ISGWB）。在本文中，我们研究了源自通货膨胀模型的ISGWB，这是在我们的上一篇论文[1]中引入的，其中可以在小行星质量窗口中以几乎单色的质量分数生产，这构成了宇宙中的总暗物质。我们在数值中计算了ISGWB在我们的方案中的频率，从Nanohz到KHz，涵盖了与IPTA，Lisa，Decigo和ET等未来基于空间的GW观测值相对应的观测量表。有趣的是，我们发现Ultralight PBHS（$ M _ {\ rm pbh} \ sim 10^{ - 20} m_ \ odot $）今天将完全蒸发，并且对暗物质的贡献极为小，仍然会产生一个可以通过基于地面的高级LIGO检测器设计的ISGWB。使用独立模型的方法，我们获得了超轻PBH的严格较低质量限制，这对于大型的超慢滚动通货膨胀模型有效。此外，我们扩展了形式主义，以研究ISGWB和派生的较低质量结合的重新加热时代的烙印。我们发现，任何非传闻加热都会导致PBHS质量上的更强下限和延长的延长时代以重新加热的时代将ISGWB频谱转移到较小的频率上。特别是，我们表明，早期物质的时代以较小的尺度上的iSGWB进行了二次扩增，对应于最小的com尺度，在通货膨胀期间或通货膨胀量表结束时离开地平线。最后，我们讨论了ISGWB检测的前景，并通过拟议的GW观测值进行了讨论。
In all inflationary scenarios of primordial black holes (PBH) formation, amplified scalar perturbations inevitably accompany an induced stochastic gravitational waves background (ISGWB) at smaller scales. In this paper, we study the ISGWB originating from the inflationary model, introduced in our previous paper [1] wherein PBHs can be produced with a nearly monochromatic mass fraction in the asteroid mass window accounting for the total dark matter in the universe. We numerically calculate the ISGWB in our scenario for frequencies ranging from nanoHz to KHz that covers the observational scales corresponding to future space based GW observatories such as IPTA, LISA, DECIGO and ET. Interestingly, we find that ultralight PBHs ($M_{\rm PBH} \sim 10^{-20} M_\odot$) which shall completely evaporate by today with exceedingly small contribution to dark matter, would still generate an ISGWB that may be detected by a future design of the ground based Advanced LIGO detector. Using a model independent approach, we obtain a stringent lower mass limit for ultralight PBHs which would be valid for a large class of ultra slow roll inflationary models. Further, we extend our formalism to study the imprints of a reheating epoch on both the ISGWB and the derived lower mass bound. We find that any non-instantaneous reheating leads to an even stronger lower bound on PBHs mass and an epoch of a prolonged matter dominated reheating shifts the ISGWB spectrum to smaller frequencies. In particular, we show that an epoch of an early matter dominated phase leads to a secondary amplification of ISGWB at much smaller scales corresponding to the smallest comoving scale leaving the horizon during inflation or the end of inflation scale. Finally, we discuss the prospects of the ISGWB detection by the proposed and upcoming GW observatories.
