论文标题
在量子时代签署信息
Signing Information in the Quantum Era
论文作者
论文摘要
签名主要用作真实性的标记,以证明消息的发件人是他们声称是谁。在当前的数字时代,签名是我们对我们交流的绝大多数信息的信任,尤其是在诸如Internet之类的公共网络上。但是,签署基于计算复杂性假设的数字信息的方案面临着数学的进步,计算机的能力以及量子时代的出现的挑战。在这里,我们介绍了数字签名方案的评论,研究了它们的起源以及它们受到威胁的位置。接下来,我们介绍了量词后数字方案,这些方案是通过减轻量子算法威胁的特定意图开发的,同时仍依赖数字流程和基础架构。最后,我们审查了在量子渠道上签署信息的方案,该信息有望证明可证明的安全指标。签名是作为对通信进行认证的一种实用手段发明的,重要的是要仔细考虑新颖的签名方案的实用性,这在本综述中被视为感兴趣的共同主题。
Signatures are primarily used as a mark of authenticity, to demonstrate that the sender of a message is who they claim to be. In the current digital age, signatures underpin trust in the vast majority of information that we exchange, particularly on public networks such as the internet. However, schemes for signing digital information which are based on assumptions of computational complexity are facing challenges from advances in mathematics, the capability of computers, and the advent of the quantum era. Here we present a review of digital signature schemes, looking at their origins and where they are under threat. Next, we introduce post-quantum digital schemes, which are being developed with the specific intent of mitigating against threats from quantum algorithms whilst still relying on digital processes and infrastructure. Finally, we review schemes for signing information carried on quantum channels, which promise provable security metrics. Signatures were invented as a practical means of authenticating communications and it is important that the practicality of novel signature schemes is considered carefully, which is kept as a common theme of interest throughout this review.