空间望远镜和光学混响映射项目。 xii。 NGC 5548的广泛区域建模

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空间望远镜和光学混响映射项目。 xii。 NGC 5548的广泛区域建模

Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XII. Broad-Line Region Modeling of NGC 5548

论文作者

Williams, P. R., Pancoast, A., Treu, T., Brewer, B. J., Peterson, B. M., Barth, A. J., Malkan, M. A., De Rosa, G., Horne, Keith, Kriss, G. A., Arav, N., Bentz, M. C., Cackett, E. M., Bontà, E. Dalla, Dehghanian, M., Done, C., Ferland, G. J., Grier, C. J., Kaastra, J., Kara, E., Kochanek, C. S., Mathur, S., Mehdipour, M., Pogge, R. W., Proga, D., Vestergaard, M., Waters, T., Adams, S. M., Anderson, M. D., Arévalo, P., Beatty, T. G., Bennert, V. N., Bigley, A., Bisogni, S., Borman, G. A., Boroson, T. A., Bottorff, M. C., Brandt, W. N., Breeveld, A. A., Brotherton, M., Brown, J. E., Brown, J. S., Canalizo, G., Carini, M. T., Clubb, K. I., Comerford, J. M., Corsini, E. M., Crenshaw, D. M., Croft, S., Croxall, K. V., Deason, A. J., De Lorenzo-Cáceres, A., Denney, K. D., Dietrich, M., Edelson, R., Efimova, N. V., Ely, J., Evans, P. A., Fausnaugh, M. M., Filippenko, A. V., Flatland, K., Fox, O. D., Gardner, E., Gates, E. L., Gehrels, N., Geier, S., Gelbord, J. M., Gonzalez, L., Gorjian, V., Greene, J. E., Grupe, D., Gupta, A., Hall, P. B., Henderson, C. B., Hicks, S., Holmbeck, E., Holoien, T. W. -S., Hutchison, T., Im, M., Jensen, J. J., Johnson, C. A., Joner, M. D., Jones, J., Kaspi, S., Kelly, P. L., Kennea, J. A., Kim, M., Kim, S., Kim, S. C., King, A., Klimanov, S. A., Knigge, C., Krongold, Y., Lau, M. W., Lee, J. C., Leonard, D. C., Li, Miao, Lira, P., Lochhaas, C., Ma, Zhiyuan, Manne-Nicholas, E. R., MacInnis, F., Mauerhan, J. C., McGurk, R., Hardy, I. M. Mc, Montuori, C., Morelli, L., Mosquera, A., Mudd, D., Müller-Sánchez, F., Nazarov, S. V., Norris, R. P., Nousek, J. A., Nguyen, M. L., Ochner, P., Okhmat, D. N., Papadakis, I., Parks, J. R., Pei, L., Penny, M. T., Pizzella, A., Poleski, R., Pott, J. -U., Rafter, S. E., Rix, H. -W., Runnoe, J., Saylor, D. A., Schimoia, J. S., Scott, B., Sergeev, S. G., Shappee, B. J., Shivvers, I., Siegel, M., Simonian, G. V., Siviero, A., Skielboe, A., Somers, G., Spencer, M., Starkey, D., Stevens, D. J., Sung, H. -I., Tayar, J., Tejos, N., Turner, C. S., Uttley, P., Van Saders, J., Vaughan, S. A., Vican, L., Villanueva Jr., S., Villforth, C., Weiss, Y., Woo, J. -H., Yan, H., Young, S., Yuk, H., Zheng, W., Zhu, W., Zu, Y.

论文摘要

我们介绍了2014年集中在NGC 5548上的多波长回响映射活动的宽线区域的几何和动态建模。该数据集包括光度和光谱监测光学和紫外线，涵盖H $β$，C $，C IV，以及$ $ $ $ $ ly ly ly ly ly ly ly ly ly ly ly ly ly。我们发现具有近圆形和流出气体轨迹的混合物的延长磁盘样H $β$ BLR，而C IV和LY $ ly $α$ BLR的扩展和类似于壳状结构的范围要少得多。 BLR中有清晰的径向结构，在半径上，C IV和LY $α$发射比H $β$发射较小。使用这三条线，我们进行了三个独立的黑洞质量测量值，所有这些测量都是一致的。结合这些结果给出了$ \ log_ {10}（m _ {\ rm bh}/m _ \ odot）= 7.64^{+0.21} _ { - 0.18} $的联合推断。我们检查了使用$ v $ band代替紫外线连续光曲线对结果的效果，并找到与测量的UV光学时间滞后一致的尺寸差异，但是其他结构性和运动学参数保持不变，这表明$ v $ band是在探索蓝胶结构和klr blr and klr conteruum时的合适代理。最后，我们将H $β$结果与2008年AGN处于较低光度状态时获得的类似数据模型进行了比较。我们发现，在此期间，发射区域的大小增加，但是几何和黑洞质量保持不变，这证实了BLR运动学能够适当地衡量中央黑洞的重力场。

We present geometric and dynamical modeling of the broad line region for the multi-wavelength reverberation mapping campaign focused on NGC 5548 in 2014. The dataset includes photometric and spectroscopic monitoring in the optical and ultraviolet, covering the H$β$, C IV, and Ly$α$ broad emission lines. We find an extended disk-like H$β$ BLR with a mixture of near-circular and outflowing gas trajectories, while the C IV and Ly$α$ BLRs are much less extended and resemble shell-like structures. There is clear radial structure in the BLR, with C IV and Ly$α$ emission arising at smaller radii than the H$β$ emission. Using the three lines, we make three independent black hole mass measurements, all of which are consistent. Combining these results gives a joint inference of $\log_{10}(M_{\rm BH}/M_\odot) = 7.64^{+0.21}_{-0.18}$. We examine the effect of using the $V$ band instead of the UV continuum light curve on the results and find a size difference that is consistent with the measured UV-optical time lag, but the other structural and kinematic parameters remain unchanged, suggesting that the $V$ band is a suitable proxy for the ionizing continuum when exploring the BLR structure and kinematics. Finally, we compare the H$β$ results to similar models of data obtained in 2008 when the AGN was at a lower luminosity state. We find that the size of the emitting region increased during this time period, but the geometry and black hole mass remain unchanged, which confirms that the BLR kinematics suitably gauge the gravitational field of the central black hole.

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