论文标题

用足够和必要的功能集简化深度神经网络的解释:文本分类案例

Simplifying the explanation of deep neural networks with sufficient and necessary feature-sets: case of text classification

论文作者

Flambeau, Jiechieu Kameni Florentin, Norbert, Tsopze

论文摘要

在过去的十年中,深度神经网络(DNN)表现出令人印象深刻的表现,可以解决各种领域的各种问题,例如医学,金融,法律等。尽管表现出色,但长期以来,它们一直被认为是黑盒系统,可提供良好的结果,而无法解释它们。但是,无法解释系统的决定在关键领域(例如人们的生命受到威胁的医学)存在严重的风险。已经完成了几项研究,以揭示深神网络的内部推理。显着性方法通过将权重分配给输入特征来解释模型决策,以反映其对分类器决策的贡献。但是,并非所有功能都需要解释模型决策。在实践中,分类器可能强烈依赖一部分可能足以解释特定决定的功能。本文的目的是提出一种方法来简化一维卷积神经网络(CNN)的预测解释,通过识别足够和必要的功能集。我们还提出了对1D-CNN的层相关性传播的适应。在多个数据集上进行的实验表明,特征之间相关性的分布类似于以众所周知的最先进的模型获得的功能。此外,在感知上提取的足够和必要的特征对人类似乎令人信服。

During the last decade, deep neural networks (DNN) have demonstrated impressive performances solving a wide range of problems in various domains such as medicine, finance, law, etc. Despite their great performances, they have long been considered as black-box systems, providing good results without being able to explain them. However, the inability to explain a system decision presents a serious risk in critical domains such as medicine where people's lives are at stake. Several works have been done to uncover the inner reasoning of deep neural networks. Saliency methods explain model decisions by assigning weights to input features that reflect their contribution to the classifier decision. However, not all features are necessary to explain a model decision. In practice, classifiers might strongly rely on a subset of features that might be sufficient to explain a particular decision. The aim of this article is to propose a method to simplify the prediction explanation of One-Dimensional (1D) Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) by identifying sufficient and necessary features-sets. We also propose an adaptation of Layer-wise Relevance Propagation for 1D-CNN. Experiments carried out on multiple datasets show that the distribution of relevance among features is similar to that obtained with a well known state of the art model. Moreover, the sufficient and necessary features extracted perceptually appear convincing to humans.

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