论文标题
针对堆叠胶囊自动编码器的逃避攻击
An Evasion Attack against Stacked Capsule Autoencoder
论文作者
论文摘要
胶囊网络是一种神经网络,它使用特征之间的空间关系来对图像进行分类。通过捕获特征之间的姿势和相对位置,其识别仿射转化的能力得到了提高,并且在处理翻译,旋转和缩放时,它超过了传统的卷积神经网络(CNN)。堆叠的胶囊自动编码器(SCAE)是最新的胶囊网络。 SCAE将图像编码为胶囊,每个图像都包含特征及其相关性的姿势。然后将编码的内容输入到下游分类器中,以预测图像的类别。现有的研究主要关注具有动态路由或EM路由的胶囊网络的安全性,并且很少关注SCAE的安全性和鲁棒性。在本文中,我们提出了针对SCAE的逃避袭击。基于模型中对象胶囊的输出生成扰动后,将其添加到图像中,以减少与图像原始类别相关的对象胶囊的贡献,以便将扰动的图像误解。我们使用图像分类实验评估攻击,实验结果表明攻击可以达到高成功率和隐身性。它证实了SCAE具有安全漏洞,可以在不更改图像的原始结构以欺骗分类器的情况下制作对抗性样本。我们希望我们的工作将使社区意识到这次袭击的威胁,并提高对SCAE安全的关注。
Capsule network is a type of neural network that uses the spatial relationship between features to classify images. By capturing the poses and relative positions between features, its ability to recognize affine transformation is improved, and it surpasses traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) when handling translation, rotation and scaling. The Stacked Capsule Autoencoder (SCAE) is the state-of-the-art capsule network. The SCAE encodes an image as capsules, each of which contains poses of features and their correlations. The encoded contents are then input into the downstream classifier to predict the categories of the images. Existing research mainly focuses on the security of capsule networks with dynamic routing or EM routing, and little attention has been given to the security and robustness of the SCAE. In this paper, we propose an evasion attack against the SCAE. After a perturbation is generated based on the output of the object capsules in the model, it is added to an image to reduce the contribution of the object capsules related to the original category of the image so that the perturbed image will be misclassified. We evaluate the attack using an image classification experiment, and the experimental results indicate that the attack can achieve high success rates and stealthiness. It confirms that the SCAE has a security vulnerability whereby it is possible to craft adversarial samples without changing the original structure of the image to fool the classifiers. We hope that our work will make the community aware of the threat of this attack and raise the attention given to the SCAE's security.