论文标题
在冷冻轨道条件下探索Lunar GNSS的设计空间
Exploring the Design Space of Lunar GNSS in Frozen Orbit Conditions
论文作者
论文摘要
过去十年来,人们对月球勘探任务越来越兴趣。但是,月球表面和轨任务的自主权取决于准确和瞬时的导航服务。这些服务无法由当前的全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)提供,其信号遭受了月球附近的几何形状和覆盖范围。提出了有关新卫星导航系统的系统体系结构研究的初步结果。假定在J2,C22和第三体扰动下的月球冷冻轨道条件。该公式包括以下设计决策:(1)轨道半轴轴,(2)卫星数,(3)轨道平面的数量,(4)相邻平面中的卫星相位,(5)轨道偏心率和(6)Periapsis。具有健身功能,可以考虑绩效,成本,可用性和维持电视台的Deltav。性能度量标准基于精度(GDOP)的几何稀释,该稀释度是在月球表面上500个等距点的网格上计算得出的。此外,使用NASA一般任务分析工具箱,通过高保真轨道传播获得了GDOP计算中使用的输入卫星轨道。最后,卫星成本基于卫星干质量估计,从电力预算分析得出,假设卫星寿命为10年。结果表明,在冷冻轨道上有20颗卫星的月球GNSS星座可以在中间延迟,但在杆子上实现令人满意的性能。
The past decade has witnessed a growing interest in lunar exploration missions. The autonomy of lunar surface and in-orbit missions is, however, dependent on accurate and instantaneous navigation services. These services can not be provided by current Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) whose signals suffer from poor geometry and coverage in the vicinity of the Moon. Preliminary results of a systems architecture study on a new satellite navigation system orbiting the moon are presented. Lunar frozen orbit conditions under J2, C22 and third-body perturbations are assumed. The formulation includes the following design decisions: (1) Orbit semi-major axis, (2) Number of satellites, (3) Number of orbital planes, (4) Satellite phasing in adjacent planes, (5) Orbit eccentricity and (6) Argument of periapsis.The Borg Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) framework is used to optimize the satellite constellation design problem, with a fitness function that takes into account performance, cost, availability and station-keeping deltaV. The performance metric is based on the Geometric Dilution of Precision (GDOP), which is computed over a grid of 500 equidistant points on the lunar surface. Additionally, the input satellite orbits used in the GDOP computation are obtained from high-fidelity orbit propagation using NASA General Mission Analysis Toolbox. Finally, satellite costs are based on satellite dry mass estimates derived from the power budget analysis assuming a satellite lifetime of 10 years. Results show that Lunar GNSS constellation with 20 satellites at frozen orbits can achieve satisfactory performance at mid-latitudes but not at the poles.