论文标题
信息传输作为优化相成像的框架
Information Transfer as a Framework for Optimized Phase Imaging
论文作者
论文摘要
为了有效地对非吸收样品（相位对象）进行图像，需要专用的相对比光学元件。通常，这些光学元件的设计是假设样品是弱散射的，这意味着样品相位的相位与其传输函数之间存在线性关系。在强散射的非线性情况下，标准光学器件无效，用于表征它们的传递函数是不明智的。我们使用Fisher信息（FI）来评估各种阶段成像方案的效率并计算信息传输函数（ITF）。我们表明，鉴于样本的足够预见，Zernike相位对比度的广义版本是有效的。我们表明，在没有预见的情况下，随机传感测量可产生可用信息的很大一部分。最后，我们引入了一种通用方法，用于公共路径干涉法，可以优化以优先考虑对特定样本特征的敏感性。这些测量中的每一个都可以使用傅立叶镜头和相掩模进行。
In order to efficiently image a non-absorbing sample (a phase object), dedicated phase contrast optics are required. Typically, these optics are designed with the assumption that the sample is weakly scattering, implying a linear relation between a sample's phase and its transmission function. In the strongly scattering, non-linear case, the standard optics are ineffective and the transfer functions used to characterize them are uninformative. We use the Fisher Information (FI) to assess the efficiency of various phase imaging schemes and to calculate an Information Transfer Function (ITF). We show that a generalized version of Zernike phase contrast is efficient given sufficient foreknowledge of the sample. We show that with no foreknowledge, a random sensing measurement yields a significant fraction of the available information. Finally, we introduce a generalized approach to common path interferometry which can be optimized to prioritize sensitivity to particular sample features. Each of these measurements can be performed using Fourier lenses and phase masks.
