论文标题
物理学的学术生涯是“交易”：在性别能力结构中选择物理学，并卓越为女性的额外障碍
The academic career in physics as a "deal": Choosing physics within a gendered power structure and excellence as an extra hurdle for women
论文作者
论文摘要
物理学学术人员缺乏妇女是我们的研究重点。为了探索这种性别失衡的原因，我们在博士学位上进行了全国代表性调查。学生和博士学位的访谈学生和博士后研究员。在研究上下文因素和代理方面，我们揭示了性别作为权力结构的多种和隐藏方式，为妇女的学术职业带来了障碍。这种潜在的力量结构以多种方式影响妇女的决策和经验。在学术领域，它在男性主导的游乐场中产生不平等的竞争。在社会领域，选择苛刻的学术职业被视为破坏性别秩序。在家庭中，妇女承担着更大的家庭工作负担，并优先考虑伴侣的职业和偏好。在这种社会结构中，决定遵循学术职业的女性认为必须表现出色。对卓越的需求在性别能力结构中充当了无形的障碍，该性别能力结构阻止了才华横溢的女性从事物理学的学术生涯。
The absence of women among academic staff in physics is in the focus of our research. To explore the causes of this gender imbalance, we conducted a nationwide representative survey among Ph.D. students and interviews with Ph.D. students and postdoctoral fellows. Studying both context factors and agency, we reveal the multiple and hidden ways in which gender operates as a power structure, putting up barriers to women's academic careers. This latent power structure influences women's decision-making and experiences in several ways. In the academic field, it produces unequal competition in a male dominated playground. In the social sphere, choosing a demanding academic career is seen as disrupting gender order. Within the family, women carry a greater burden of family work and give precedence to their partner's career and preferences. Within this social structure, women who decide to follow an academic career feel that they must excel. The demand for excellence acts as an invisible barrier within the gender power structure that prevents talented women from pursuing an academic career in physics.
