论文标题
受拓扑保护的移动固体$^3 $ HE在碳纳米管上
Topologically protected mobile solid $^3$He on carbon nanotube
论文作者
论文摘要
低维的费米量子系统非常有趣,因为它们揭示了独特的物理现象,包括拓扑受保护的激发,边缘状态,挫败感和分数化。二维$^3 $他确实表现出了非同寻常的量子旋转液体,包括非同寻常的阶段。我们的目的是通过将$^3 $ HE系统的尺寸限制在悬挂的碳纳米管上。在我们的测量中,用$^3 $吸附的亚单层吸附的纳米管的机械共振是根据覆盖范围和温度降至10 \; mk的函数测量的。在最低温度和低覆盖范围下,我们观察到液态气的共存,该液态与中间密度的著名的1/3相称的固相变为著名的1/3相称的固相。但是,在较大的单层密度下,我们观察到了从1/3固体到全新,柔软和移动的固相的量子相变。我们将这种移动固相解释为一种由氦气二聚体组成的纤维传感器晶体,并具有拓扑保护的零点空位,在低温下被定位。因此,我们证明了纳米管上的$^3 $ He均合并了费米原子和骨气现象,在费米子固体1/3相和新观察到的骨二聚体固体之间具有量子相变。玻璃剂二聚体固体的迁移率和柔软度由拓扑引起的空缺来调节,由于较大的零点运动,在低温下被脱离了位置。
Low dimensional fermionic quantum systems are exceptionally interesting because they reveal distinctive physical phenomena, including among others, topologically protected excitations, edge states, frustration, and fractionalization. Two-dimensional $^3$He has indeed shown a remarkable variety of phases including the unusual quantum spin liquid. Our aim was to lower the dimension of the $^3$He system even more by confining it on a suspended carbon nanotube. In our measurements the mechanical resonance of the nanotube with adsorbed sub-monolayer of $^3$He was measured as a function of coverage and temperature down to 10\;mK. At lowest temperatures and low coverages we have observed a liquid-gas coexistence which transforms to the famous 1/3 commensurate solid phase at intermediate densities. However, at larger monolayer densities we have observed a quantum phase transition from 1/3 solid to a completely new, soft and mobile solid phase. We interpret this mobile solid phase as a bosonic commensurate crystal consisting of helium dimers with topologically protected zero-point vacancies which are delocalized at low temperatures. We thus demonstrate that $^3$He on a nanotube merges both fermionic and bosonic phenomena, with a quantum phase transition between fermionic solid 1/3 phase and a newly observed bosonic dimer solid. The mobility and softness of the bosonic dimer solid are conditioned by topology-induced vacancies which become delocalized at low temperatures owing to a large zero-point motion.