论文标题

空气动力分叉中罕见的事件触发过渡

Rare event-triggered transitions in aerodynamic bifurcation

论文作者

Gayout, Ariane, Bourgoin, Mickaël, Plihon, Nicolas

论文摘要

实验研究了两种可行系统之间的过渡,并在稀有事实统计的框架中进行了分析。考虑到磁盘摆被风隧道中的流动扫荡,观察到两个空气动力分支之间的双态性,并从一个分支到另一个分支的自发过渡。对于两个转换,在双指数作为控制参数的函数的函数的函数沿双指数的函数延伸了自发过渡之前的等待时间,用于两个过渡。受到最初应用于湍流过渡的模型的启发,我们表明,对于圆盘摆,这两个过渡都受到作用在磁盘上的空气动力的罕见事件控制,我们建议我们特别与涡流散发诱导的波动联系起来。除了空气动力学方面,这项工作还具有关于罕见事件的广泛领域的有趣基本结果。

The transitions between two states of a bistable system are investigated experimentally and analyzed in the framework of rare-event statistics. Considering a disk pendulum swept by a flow in a wind tunnel, bistability between two aerodynamic branches is observed, with spontaneous transitions from one branch to the other. The waiting times before spontaneous transition are distributed following a double-exponential as a function of the control parameter, spanning four orders of magnitude in time, for both transitions. Inspired by a model originally applied to the transition to turbulence, we show that, for the disk pendulum, both transitions are controlled by rare events of the aerodynamic forces acting on the disk which we propose to link in particular to the vortex shedding-induced fluctuations. Beyond the aerodynamic aspects, this work has interesting fundamental outcomes regarding the broad field of rare events in out-of-equilibrium systems.

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