论文标题
天空中的rfeye
RFEye in the Sky
论文作者
论文摘要
我们介绍了一种通用技术RFEYE,该技术使用仅配备了一个全向天线的单一无人机(UAV)来定位与波形无关的信号。这是通过从一个附近两个位置的1米半径范围内的不协调位置中获取信号,并制定异步的,分布式的接收器波束在UAV处形成的,以计算未知发射机的到达方向(DOA)。所提出的方法包括四个步骤:1)在要本地化的信号中盲目检测和提取唯一签名的盲目检测和提取,2)异步信号采集和条件,3)DOA计算,通过在UAV上创建虚拟分布式天线阵列,并使用两个位置从两个位置获得Emitter的位置固定。分析了这些步骤的各种错误源,计算复杂性,并与广泛使用的基于信号子空间的DOA估计算法进行了比较。 RFEYE是使用Intel-Aero无人机实施的,配备了USRP B205软件定义的无线电,以从地面发射器中获取信号。实用的室外实验表明,RFEYE的中位数为2D,Wi-Fi的中位数为1.03m,Wi-Fi的中位数为2.5m,而2D的中位数为2D,而Lora(远距离)波形的中位精度为1.15m,在3D中获得了2.15m的中位数,对于诸如风能和无与伦比的位置误差(例如,Lora(远距离)波形),并且对外部因素是可靠的。
We introduce RFEye, a generalized technique to locate signals independent of the waveform, using a single Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) equipped with only one omnidirectional antenna. This is achieved by acquiring signals from uncoordinated positions within a sphere of 1-meter radius at two nearby locations and formulating an asynchronous, distributed receiver beamforming at the UAV to compute the Direction of Arrival (DoA) from the unknown transmitter. The proposed method includes four steps: 1) Blind detection and extraction of unique signature in the signal to be localized, 2) Asynchronous signal acquisition and conditioning, 3) DoA calculation by creating a virtual distributed antenna array at UAV and 4) Obtaining position fix of emitter using DoA from two locations. These steps are analyzed for various sources of error, computational complexity and compared with widely used signal subspace-based DoA estimation algorithms. RFEye is implemented using an Intel-Aero UAV, equipped with a USRP B205 software-defined radio to acquire signals from a ground emitter. Practical outdoor experiments show that RFEye achieves a median accuracy of 1.03m in 2D and 2.5m in 3D for Wi-Fi, and 1.15m in 2D and 2.7m in 3D for LoRa (Long Range) waveforms, and is robust to external factors like wind and UAV position errors.