论文标题

在Elysium Planitia,Mars的地质爆炸性火山爆炸性火山的证据

Evidence for geologically recent explosive volcanism in Elysium Planitia, Mars

论文作者

Horvath, David G., Moitra, Pranabendu, Hamilton, Christopher W., Craddock, Robert A., Andrews-Hanna, Jeffrey C.

论文摘要

火星上的火山活动在Noachian和Hesperian时期达到顶峰,但此后一直在孤立的地区继续进行。 Elysium Planitia拥有许多年轻的,裂开的洪水熔岩,年龄范围从约500至250万年(MA)。我们提供了证据表明,可能是火星上尚未记录的最年轻的火山矿床:一个低反照率,高热惯性,高碳酸辉石的高矿床,在Elysium Planitia中的Cerberus Fissae Fissae Fissae Fissae Fissae Fissae Fissaie fissaire fissaie fissaie fissaie fissaie fissaike。该沉积物类似于解释为月球和汞上的火山碎屑沉积物的特征。但是,与以前记录的Elysium Planitia中的熔岩流不同,此功能在形态上与裂缝喂养的火山碎屑沉积物一致,将周围的熔岩流盖上了周围的熔岩流,在大多数沉积物中的数十cm的订单和1.1-2.8e7 e7 cubit Meters的体积上的厚度很高。厚度和体积估计与地球上的Tephra秋季沉积物一致。地层关系表明比周围的火山平原和Zunil冲击火山口(〜0.1-1 MA)年轻的年龄年龄(〜0.1-1 MA),火山口计数表明绝对模型年龄为53至210 ka。这个年轻的时代意味着,如果这种沉积物是火山起源,那么Cerberus Fossae地区可能不会灭绝,并且今天的火星可能仍然处于火山状态。这种解释与使用地震研究,测地台和热运输(Insight)Lander的室内探索在该区域对地震性的识别一致,并且对天体生物学和瞬时大气甲烷的来源具有其他影响。

Volcanic activity on Mars peaked during the Noachian and Hesperian periods but has continued since then in isolated locales. Elysium Planitia hosts numerous young, fissure-fed flood lavas with ages ranging from approximately 500 to 2.5 million years (Ma). We present evidence for what may be the youngest volcanic deposit yet documented on Mars: a low albedo, high thermal inertia, high-calcium pyroxene-rich deposit distributed symmetrically around a segment of the Cerberus Fossae fissure system in Elysium Planitia. This deposit is similar to features interpreted as pyroclastic deposits on the Moon and Mercury. However, unlike previously documented lava flows in Elysium Planitia, this feature is morphologically consistent with a fissure-fed pyroclastic deposit, mantling the surrounding lava flows with a thickness on the order of tens of cm over most of the deposit and a volume of 1.1-2.8E7 cubic meters. Thickness and volume estimates are consistent with tephra fall deposits on Earth. Stratigraphic relationships indicate a relative age younger than the surrounding volcanic plains and the Zunil impact crater (~0.1-1 Ma), with crater counting suggesting an absolute model age of 53 to 210 ka. This young age implies that if this deposit is of volcanic origin then the Cerberus Fossae region may not be extinct and Mars may still be volcanically active today. This interpretation is consistent with the identification of seismicity in this region by the Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy, and Heat Transport (InSight) lander, and has additional implications for astrobiology and the source of transient atmospheric methane.

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