论文标题
从可见和近红外光谱上的小行星Bennu上的相红色
Phase reddening on asteroid Bennu from visible and near-infrared spectroscopy
论文作者
论文摘要
自2018年12月以来,NASA任务Osiris-Rex一直在观察到接近地球的小行星(101955)Bennu近距离近端。在这项工作中,我们调查了光谱阶段变红 - 即光谱斜率随相位角度的变化 - 在Bennu上使用Osiris-Rex-Rex-Rexible和Infrared Expersover(Osiris-Refrare Spearsy)(Osiris-refrared Spectross)(OVIRARE SPERASS)(OVIRARE SPERASS)(OV)(OV)(OV)(OV)(OV)(OV)(OV) 8-130 $^{o} $。我们在全球范围内和一些局部关注区域(ROI)(包括巨石,陨石坑和Osiris-Rex任务的指定样本收集地点)进行了调查。 Bennu具有全球负光谱斜率,这是B型小行星的典型特征。光谱斜率以线性方式轻轻增加至90 $^{\ circ} $的相位角度,它接近零。光谱相红化是单调的,波长依赖于可见范围内的最高值。它的系数为0.00044 $ $ M $^{ - 1} 〜Deg^{ - 1} $在0.55-2.5 $ $ m范围内。 对于以高相角(130 $^{\ circ} $)获取的Bennu的观察,相变的相变为指数增加。在文献中,在极端几何形状获得的光谱中的碳质软管mukundpura中也报道了类似的行为。一些ROI,包括样品收集地点,夜莺,具有比全球平均值更陡峭的红色系数,这可能表明表面被高度切割的细材料覆盖。温和的光谱相对Bennu的效应与其他B型小行星的地面测量值相似,但远低于其他低盐体物体(例如CERES或CERES或CORET 67P/CHURYUMOV-GERASIMENKO)观察到的。单调红色可能与微米尺度和/或具有分形结构的颗粒的细颗粒的存在有关,这些颗粒在整个Bennu表面引入了微米和亚微米粗糙度。
The NASA mission OSIRIS-REx has been observing near-Earth asteroid (101955) Bennu in close proximity since December 2018. In this work, we investigate spectral phase reddening -- that is, the variation of spectral slope with phase angle -- on Bennu using spectra acquired by the OSIRIS-REx Visible and InfraRed Spectrometer (OVIRS) covering a phase angle range of 8-130$^{o}$. We investigate this process at the global scale and for some localized regions of interest (ROIs), including boulders, craters, and the designated sample collection sites of the OSIRIS-REx mission. Bennu has a globally negative spectra slope, which is typical of B-type asteroids. The spectral slope gently increases in a linear way up to a phase angle of 90$^{\circ}$, where it approaches zero. The spectral phase reddening is monotonic and wavelength-dependent with highest values in the visible range. Its coefficient is 0.00044 $μ$m$^{-1} ~deg^{-1}$ in the 0.55-2.5 $μ$m range. For observations of Bennu acquired at high phase angle (130$^{\circ}$), phase reddening increases exponentially. Similar behavior was reported in the literature for the carbonaceous chondrite Mukundpura in spectra acquired at extreme geometries. Some ROIs, including the sample collection site, Nightingale, have a steeper phase reddening coefficient than the global average, potentially indicating a surface covered by fine material with high micro-roughness. The gentle spectral phase reddening effect on Bennu is similar to that observed in ground-based measurements of other B-type asteroids, but much lower than that observed for other low-albedo bodies such as Ceres or comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Monotonic reddening may be associated with the presence of fine particles at micron scales and/or of particles with fractal structure that introduce micro- and sub-micro roughness across the surface of Bennu.