论文标题
大型强子对撞机的质子碰撞中可能的早期宇宙信号
Possible early universe signals in proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider
论文作者
论文摘要
我们的宇宙大约在一个被称为“大爆炸”的过程中出生于一个极其炙手可热的单数点。在其出生的几微秒内统治系统的热和密集的物质是基本夸克和胶子的形式，称为夸克 - 胶状等离子体（QGP）。在超占主导地位的重型离子（例如AU或PB）碰撞中，已经观察到了与QGP物质形成兼容的签名。最近，在CERN大型强子对撞机（LHC）上质子 - 蛋白质（PP）碰撞的实验数据还显示了类似于QGP形成的信号，这使这些研究非常刺激了小型系统在产生早期宇宙信号中的碰撞。在本文中，我们报告了一些令人信服的实验结果，并说明了当前的理解。我们在LHC审查了PP物理计划，并在探索早期宇宙中原始物质的性质的背景下讨论了未来的前景。
Our universe was born about 13.8 billion years ago from an extremely hot and dense singular point, in a process known as the Big Bang. The hot and dense matter which dominated the system within a few microseconds of its birth was in the form of a soup of elementary quarks and gluons, known as the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Signatures compatible with the formation of the QGP matter have experimentally been observed in heavy-ion (such as Au or Pb) collisions at ultra-relativistic energies. Recently, experimental data of proton-proton (pp) collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have also shown signals resembling those of the QGP formation, which made these studies quite stimulating as to how the collision of small systems features in producing the early universe signals. In this article, we report on some of the compelling experimental results and give an account of the present understanding. We review the pp physics program at the LHC and discuss future prospects in the context of exploring the nature of the primordial matter in the early universe.
