论文标题
中微子约束状态和绑定的系统
Neutrino bound states and bound systems
论文作者
论文摘要
中微子与新的光标量玻色子$ ϕ $的Yukawa相互作用会导致许多中微子（$ν$ -CLUSTERS）的稳定绑定状态和绑定系统的形成。对于耦合$ y $的允许值和标量质量$ m_ϕ $，两个中微子的界面状态将大于$ 10^{12} $ cm。对于kev量表无菌中微子，与$ y> y> 10^{ - 4} $相结合的状态是可能的。对于$ν$ -CLUSTERS，我们详细研究最终稳定配置的属性。如果存在有效的冷却机制，则这些构型处于退化的费米气体状态。我们在$ν$ clusters中制定并求解密度分布的方程式。在非权利论的情况下，它们被简化为车道填充方程。我们发现（i）任何数量的中微子都存在稳定的配置，$ n $; （ii）有一个最大的中央密度$ \ sim 10^9 $ cm $^{ - 3} $由中微子质量确定； （iii）对于给定的$ m_ϕ $，最低值为$ ny^3 $，可以形成稳定的配置； （iv）对于给定的交互强度，$ s_D =（ym_ν/m_ϕ）^2 $，存在$ν$ -clusters的最小半径。我们在扩展和冷却宇宙的过程中讨论了来自遗物中微子背景的$ν$ clusters的形成。 $ s_ϕ> 700 $实现的一种可能性是在$ν$ background的$ t <m_ν$中开发不稳定性，这导致了其片段。对于$ y $的允许值，由于$ ϕ $ -bremsstrahlung和中微子歼灭而导致的$ν$ -CLUSTERS冷却是可以忽略的。 $ν$ -CLUSTERS的尺寸可能从$ \ sim $ km到$ \ sim 5 $ mpc。簇的形成会影响遗物中微子检测的观点。
Yukawa interactions of neutrinos with a new light scalar boson $ϕ$ can lead to formation of stable bound states and bound systems of many neutrinos ($ν$-clusters). For allowed values of the coupling $y$ and the scalar mass $m_ϕ$, the bound state of two neutrinos would have the size larger than $10^{12}$ cm. Bound states with sub-cm sizes are possible for keV scale sterile neutrinos with coupling $y > 10^{-4}$. For $ν$-clusters we study in detail the properties of final stable configurations. If there is an efficient cooling mechanism, these configurations are in the state of degenerate Fermi gas. We formulate and solve equations of the density distributions in $ν$-clusters. In the non-relativistic case, they are reduced to the Lane-Emden equation. We find that (i) stable configurations exist for any number of neutrinos, $N$; (ii) there is a maximal central density $\sim 10^9$ cm$^{-3}$ determined by the neutrino mass; (iii) for a given $m_ϕ$ there is a minimal value of $Ny^3$ for which stable configurations can be formed; (iv) for a given strength of interaction, $S_ϕ= (ym_ν/m_ϕ)^2$, the minimal radius of $ν$-clusters exists. We discuss the formation of $ν$-clusters from relic neutrino background in the process of expansion and cooling of the Universe. One possibility realized for $S_ϕ> 700$ is the development of instabilities in the $ν$-background at $T < m_ν$ which leads to its fragmentation. For allowed values of $y$, cooling of $ν$-clusters due to $ϕ$-bremsstrahlung and neutrino annihilation is negligible. The sizes of $ν$-clusters may range from $\sim$ km to $\sim 5$ Mpc. Formation of clusters affects perspectives of detection of relic neutrinos.
