论文标题

Causalkg:使用介入和反事实推理的因果知识图解释性

CausalKG: Causal Knowledge Graph Explainability using interventional and counterfactual reasoning

论文作者

Jaimini, Utkarshani, Sheth, Amit

论文摘要

人类在日常决策,计划和对生活事件的理解中使用因果关系和假设回顾。人类的思想在回顾特定情况的同时,考虑诸如“给定情况的原因是什么?”之类的问题,“我的行动会产生什么影响?”或“哪种行动导致了这种效果?”。它开发了一个世界因果模型,该模型以更少的数据点来学习,从而提出了推论,并考虑了反事实的情况。看不见,未知的场景被称为反事实。 AI算法使用基于知识图(KG)的表示形式来表示时间,空间和事实的概念。 kg是一个图形数据模型,可捕获事件,对象或概念等实体之间的语义关系。现有的kg表示从文本中提取的因果关系,这些因果关系基于名词短语的语言模式,如概念网和WordNet中的原因和效果。 KGS中当前的因果关系代表使支持反事实推理具有挑战性。需要采用基于KG的方法来更好地说明AI系统中的因果关系,以更好地解释性,并支持干预和反事实推理,从而提高了人类对AI系统的理解。因果关系表示需要更高的表示框架来定义上下文,因果信息和因果影响。拟议的因果知识图(Causalkg)框架,利用因果关系和KG的最新进展来解释。 Causalkg打算解决缺乏域的适应性因果模型,并使用Kg中的超相关图表示代表复杂的因果关系。我们表明,AI系统可以将Causalkg的介入和反事实推理用于域的解释性。

Humans use causality and hypothetical retrospection in their daily decision-making, planning, and understanding of life events. The human mind, while retrospecting a given situation, think about questions such as "What was the cause of the given situation?", "What would be the effect of my action?", or "Which action led to this effect?". It develops a causal model of the world, which learns with fewer data points, makes inferences, and contemplates counterfactual scenarios. The unseen, unknown, scenarios are known as counterfactuals. AI algorithms use a representation based on knowledge graphs (KG) to represent the concepts of time, space, and facts. A KG is a graphical data model which captures the semantic relationships between entities such as events, objects, or concepts. The existing KGs represent causal relationships extracted from texts based on linguistic patterns of noun phrases for causes and effects as in ConceptNet and WordNet. The current causality representation in KGs makes it challenging to support counterfactual reasoning. A richer representation of causality in AI systems using a KG-based approach is needed for better explainability, and support for intervention and counterfactuals reasoning, leading to improved understanding of AI systems by humans. The causality representation requires a higher representation framework to define the context, the causal information, and the causal effects. The proposed Causal Knowledge Graph (CausalKG) framework, leverages recent progress of causality and KG towards explainability. CausalKG intends to address the lack of a domain adaptable causal model and represent the complex causal relations using the hyper-relational graph representation in the KG. We show that the CausalKG's interventional and counterfactual reasoning can be used by the AI system for the domain explainability.

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