论文标题
在现代共处理论中解决概念问题
Resolving conceptual issues in Modern Coexistence Theory
论文作者
论文摘要
在本文中，我们讨论了现代共存理论（MCT）的概念基础，这是理解生态共存的定量框架。为了使用MCT推断物种如何共存，必须将复杂的模型（模拟现实世界中的共存）与简单模型联系起来，在该模型中，先前提出的以前提出的共存解释已被编纂。这可以通过三个步骤来完成：1）将共存的构造与入侵增长率相关联，2）将入侵增长率分为共存机制（即共存的解释类别），以及3）将共存机制与简单的解释相关。先前的研究主要集中在步骤2上。在这里，我们讨论了其他关键步骤及其对推断真实社区共存机制的影响。 我们对步骤3的讨论 - 将共处机制与共存的简单解释联系起来，为假设在新模型中共存原因的启发式指南提供了启发式指南；但还解决了对共存机制的误解。例如，存储效果与良好的生活历史阶段与BET-GENGING或“存储”无关。相对非线性比最初想象的更有可能促进共存。健身密度协方差是大量先前提出的共存解释（例如，竞争 - 殖民化的权衡，异，异，在空间变化的资源供应率）的融合。此外，我们回顾了MCT中的许多主题，包括“缩放因素”的作用；共存机制是否是近似值；入侵生长率的幅度或迹象更重要；哈钦森是否解决了浮游生物的悖论；共存机制的规模依赖性；还有更多。
In this paper, we discuss the conceptual underpinnings of Modern Coexistence Theory (MCT), a quantitative framework for understanding ecological coexistence. In order to use MCT to infer how species are coexisting, one must relate a complex model (which simulates coexistence in the real world) to simple models in which previously proposed explanations for coexistence have been codified. This can be accomplished in three steps: 1) relating the construct of coexistence to invasion growth rates, 2) mathematically partitioning the invasion growth rates into coexistence mechanisms (i.e., classes of explanations for coexistence), and 3) relating coexistence mechanisms to simple explanations for coexistence. Previous research has primarily focused on step 2. Here, we discuss the other crucial steps and their implications for inferring the mechanisms of coexistence in real communities. Our discussion of step 3 -- relating coexistence mechanisms to simple explanations for coexistence -- serves a heuristic guide for hypothesizing about the causes of coexistence in new models; but also addresses misconceptions about coexistence mechanisms. For example, the storage effect has little to do with bet-hedging or "storage" via a robust life-history stage; relative nonlinearity is more likely to promote coexistence than originally thought; and fitness-density covariance is an amalgam of a large number of previously proposed explanations for coexistence (e.g., the competition-colonization trade-off, heteromyopia, spatially-varying resource supply ratios). Additionally, we review a number of topics in MCT, including the role of "scaling factors"; whether coexistence mechanisms are approximations; whether the magnitude or sign of invasion growth rates matters more; whether Hutchinson solved the paradox of the plankton; the scale-dependence of coexistence mechanisms; and much more.
