论文标题
Verilay：可验证的股权链中继证明
Verilay: A Verifiable Proof of Stake Chain Relay
论文作者
论文摘要
区块链继电计划可以在不需要信任的中介机构的情况下实现跨链状态证明。这是通过在目标区块链上应用源区块链的共识验证协议来实现的。现有的链继电器允许验证使用工作证明（POW）协议创建的块。由于POW需要高能消耗，有限的吞吐量和不保证的终结性，因此股权证明（POS）区块链协议越来越受欢迎，可以解决这些缺点。我们提出了Verilay，这是第一个链中继方案，该方案可以验证验证POS协议，例如以太坊2.0，Cosmos和Polkadot。该概念不需要更改源区块链协议或验证器操作。块提议者的签名通过目标区块链的专用继电器智能合约来验证。与基本的功率链中继相反，Verilay仅需要提交一个块标头的子集，以保持完整的验证性。这可以提高可伸缩性。我们提供了一个典型的实现，以促进以太坊虚拟机（EVM）中以太坊2.0标准链标头的验证。我们的评估证明了对以太坊1.0的主网的适用性，并确认与POW链中继更新相比，仅需要一小部分交易成本。
Blockchain relay schemes enable cross-chain state proofs without requiring trusted intermediaries. This is achieved by applying the source blockchain's consensus validation protocol on the target blockchain. Existing chain relays allow for the validation of blocks created using the Proof of Work (PoW) protocol. Since PoW entails high energy consumption, limited throughput, and no guaranteed finality, Proof of Stake (PoS) blockchain protocols are increasingly popular for addressing these shortcomings. We propose Verilay, the first chain relay scheme that enables validating PoS protocols that produce finalized blocks, for example, Ethereum 2.0, Cosmos, and Polkadot. The concept does not require changes to the source blockchain protocols or validator operations. Signatures of block proposers are validated by a dedicated relay smart contract on the target blockchain. In contrast to basic PoW chain relays, Verilay requires only a subset of block headers to be submitted in order to maintain full verifiability. This yields enhanced scalability. We provide a prototypical implementation that facilitates the validation of Ethereum 2.0 beacon chain headers within the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Our evaluation proves the applicability to Ethereum 1.0's mainnet and confirms that only a fraction of transaction costs are required compared to PoW chain relay updates.
