论文标题
对模糊过程的研究：扩散对液体氩时间投影室校准和颗粒识别的影响
Investigations on a Fuzzy Process: Effect of Diffusion on Calibration and Particle Identification in Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers
论文作者
论文摘要
通常在探测器设计阶段考虑了液Argon时间投影室（LARTPC）中的电离电子扩散，但是很少关注其对校准和颗粒鉴定的影响。我们使用基于GEANT4的模拟来研究扩散如何影响这些技术，并考虑如何模拟这种效果。我们发现，扩散会导致平移偏见，同时是单位长度分布的电荷沉积的中值和最可能的值（MPV）。对于当前运行的LARTPC中的典型最大漂移时间，偏差估计为〜2.5％（中值）和〜5.0％（MPV），然后再添加检测器特定的考虑因素，例如电场非均匀性。这表明与传统智慧相反，这些指标不应在不小心的情况下用于校准。扩散对LARTPC分离MUON和质子的能力的影响很小，并且预计不会在未来的探测器中构成任何问题。但是，当分离出更多相似质量（Muons和Pions，Kaons和Proton）的颗粒时，扩散可能是系统不确定性的重要来源。通过实施漂移时间依赖粒子识别，可以改善此类人群的分离。
Ionization electron diffusion in Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LArTPCs) has typically been considered at the detector design stage, but little attention has been given to its effects on calibration and particle identification. We use a GEANT4-based simulation to study how diffusion impacts these techniques, and give consideration to how this effect is simulated. We find that diffusion can cause a drift-dependent bias to both the median and Most Probable Value (MPV) of charge deposition per unit length distributions. The bias is estimated to be ~2.5% (median) and ~5.0% (MPV) for typical maximum drift times in currently running LArTPCs before adding detector specific considerations such as electric field non-uniformities. This indicates that these metrics should not be used for calibration without care, contrary to the conventional wisdom. The impact of diffusion on the ability of LArTPCs to separate muons and protons is small, and not expected to pose any problems in future detectors. Diffusion may however be a significant source of systematic uncertainty when separating particles of more similar masses (muons and pions, kaons and protons). Separation of such populations may be improved by implementation of a drift-time dependent particle identification.
