论文标题
两条通往倒流的道路
Two Roads to Retrocausality
论文作者
论文摘要
近年来,量子基础社区对使用倒退性作为拒绝贝尔定理的结论并恢复量子物理学的途径的途径增加了兴趣。另一方面,也有人认为接受非局部性会导致一种延伸性形式。在本文中,我们试图阐明倒退和地方性之间的关系。我们首先提供了一种简短的架构,了解违反贝尔不平等现象的各种方式可能会导致我们考虑某种形式的延伸性。然后,我们考虑了使用延迟性来挽救当地的一些可能动机,认为这些动机都不足够,因此没有明确的理由为什么我们应该更喜欢局部倒退模型而不是非局部延迟模型。接下来,我们研究了几种不同的倒退性概念,得出的结论是,“全面”倒流性比替代动力学图片更连贯。然后,我们认为,由于“全面”方法要求将概率分配给整个历史或马赛克,因此在此图片中,局部性有些冗余。因此,我们得出的结论是,将延期性用作拯救区域的一种方式可能不是延伸性的正确途径。最后,我们证明,接受非局部性的存在并坚持不存在首选参考帧的不存在,这自然会导致接受一种倒流的形式,尽管它不是由物理系统介导的,但它并非及时地介导。我们认为,这是激励量子力学倒退模型的更自然的方法。
In recent years the quantum foundations community has seen increasing interest in the possibility of using retrocausality as a route to rejecting the conclusions of Bell's theorem and restoring locality to quantum physics. On the other hand, it has also been argued that accepting nonlocality leads to a form of retrocausality. In this article we seek to elucidate the relationship between retrocausality and locality. We begin by providing a brief schema of the various ways in which violations of Bell's inequalities might lead us to consider some form of retrocausality. We then consider some possible motivations for using retrocausality to rescue locality, arguing that none of these motivations is adequate and that therefore there is no clear reason why we should prefer local retrocausal models to nonlocal retrocausal models. Next, we examine several different conceptions of retrocausality, concluding that `all-at-once' retrocausality is more coherent than the alternative dynamical picture. We then argue that since the `all-at-once' approach requires probabilities to be assigned to entire histories or mosaics, locality is somewhat redundant within this picture. Thus we conclude that using retrocausality as a way to rescue locality may not be the right route to retrocausality. Finally, we demonstrate that accepting the existence of nonlocality and insisting on the nonexistence of preferred reference frames leads naturally to the acceptance of a form of retrocausality, albeit one which is not mediated by physical systems travelling backwards in time. We argue that this is the more natural way to motivate retrocausal models of quantum mechanics.