论文标题
下一代重力波探测器和高能量卫星的多通信天文学的观点
Perspectives for multi-messenger astronomy with the next generation of gravitational-wave detectors and high-energy satellites
论文作者
论文摘要
爱因斯坦望远镜（ET）将为多门机天体物理学的未来带来一场革命。为了检测高红移时二进制中子星（BNS）合并的对应物，高能量观察结果将发挥至关重要的作用。在这里，我们探讨了ET的观点，作为单个天文台和重力波（GW）检测器网络，与未来的$γ$ -Ray和X射线卫星协同作用。我们预测了BNS合并的高能发射及其在理论框架中的可检测性，该框架能够重现当前观察到的短GRB（SGRB）样本的性质。我们估计及时排放和余辉排放的联合GW和高能检测率，测试了工具和观察策略的几种组合。我们发现，在$γ$ -rays中检测到的绝大多数SGRB将具有可检测的GW对应物；考虑到第三代GW观测值网络，联合检测效率接近$ 100 \％$。如果宽场X射线显示器观察到GW仪器提供的天空定位，则可以显着提高BNS合并的电磁对应物的概率。我们强调，未来的X射线观测值的作用对于检测喷气芯外部的惨淡发射至关重要，这将使我们能够探究附近宇宙中尚未探索的低亮度SGRB的尚未探索的人群，也可以探索射流结构的性质以及与前代体质的联系。
The Einstein Telescope (ET) is going to bring a revolution for the future of multi-messenger astrophysics. In order to detect the counterparts of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers at high redshift, the high-energy observations will play a crucial role. Here, we explore the perspectives of ET, as single observatory and in a network of gravitational-wave (GW) detectors, operating in synergy with future $γ$-ray and X-ray satellites. We predict the high-energy emission of BNS mergers and its detectability in a theoretical framework which is able to reproduce the properties of the current sample of observed short GRBs (SGRB). We estimate the joint GW and high-energy detection rate for both the prompt and afterglow emissions, testing several combinations of instruments and observational strategies. We find that the vast majority of SGRBs detected in $γ$-rays will have a detectable GW counterpart; the joint detection efficiency approaches $100\%$ considering a network of third generation GW observatories. The probability of identifying the electromagnetic counterpart of BNS mergers is significantly enhanced if the sky localisation provided by GW instruments is observed by wide field X-ray monitors. We emphasize that the role of the future X-ray observatories will be very crucial for the detection of the fainter emission outside the jet core, which will allow us to probe the yet unexplored population of low-luminosity SGRBs in the nearby Universe, as well as to unveil the nature of the jet structure and the connections with the progenitor properties.
