论文标题

cookieenforcer:自动饼干通知分析和执行

CookieEnforcer: Automated Cookie Notice Analysis and Enforcement

论文作者

Khandelwal, Rishabh, Nayak, Asmit, Harkous, Hamza, Fawaz, Kassem

论文摘要

在线网站使用cookie通知来征得用户的同意,如GDPR和CCPA等最新隐私法规所要求的。先前的工作表明,这些通知使用黑暗模式来操纵用户做出对网站友好的选择,以使用户的隐私处于危险之中。在这项工作中,我们开发了CookieenForcer,这是一种用于自动发现cookie通知并确定导致所有非必需cookie的选项的新系统。为了实现这一目标,我们首先构建了一个自动cookie通知检测器,该检测器利用HTML元素的渲染模式来识别cookie通知。接下来,CookieenForcer分析了cookie通知,并预测禁用所有不必要的cookie所需的操作集。这是通过将问题建模为序列到序列任务来完成的,其中输入是机器可读的cookie通知,而输出是要进行的单击集。我们通过端到端的准确性评估证明了CookieenForcer的功效,表明它可以在91%的情况下生成所需的步骤。通过用户研究,我们表明CookieenForcer可以大大减少用户的努力。最后,我们使用系统从Tranco列表(从美国和英国访问)中在前5K网站上执行多个测量,并按比较进行比较和观察。

Online websites use cookie notices to elicit consent from the users, as required by recent privacy regulations like the GDPR and the CCPA. Prior work has shown that these notices use dark patterns to manipulate users into making website-friendly choices which put users' privacy at risk. In this work, we develop CookieEnforcer, a new system for automatically discovering cookie notices and deciding on the options that result in disabling all non-essential cookies. In order to achieve this, we first build an automatic cookie notice detector that utilizes the rendering pattern of the HTML elements to identify the cookie notices. Next, CookieEnforcer analyzes the cookie notices and predicts the set of actions required to disable all unnecessary cookies. This is done by modeling the problem as a sequence-to-sequence task, where the input is a machine-readable cookie notice and the output is the set of clicks to make. We demonstrate the efficacy of CookieEnforcer via an end-to-end accuracy evaluation, showing that it can generate the required steps in 91% of the cases. Via a user study, we show that CookieEnforcer can significantly reduce the user effort. Finally, we use our system to perform several measurements on the top 5k websites from the Tranco list (as accessed from the US and the UK), drawing comparisons and observations at scale.

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