论文标题
夸克核物理与重夸克
Quark Nuclear Physics with Heavy Quarks
论文作者
论文摘要
沉重的夸克对我们探索强烈互动的进展非常有用。特别是Quarkonium，是一个沉重的夸克 - 安提克公园非偏差的结合状态，已经是几革命的根源。 Quarkonium具有分离的能量尺度的模式，将其作为复杂环境的特殊探针。它的多尺度在量子场理论中描述了一个描述，在非依赖主义有效领域理论的出现之前，特别困难。我们将专注于两个或多个重夸克制造的系统。在考虑了一些基于潜在模型和威尔逊循环方法的历史方法之后，我们将介绍当代的非遗体有效的现场理论描述，特别是潜在的非差异QCD，这需要将Schoedinger方程作为零订单问题，将其定义为匹配的系数并允许物理性质的系统计算。有效的现场理论使我们能够探索QCD领域中的Quarkonium性质。特别是，当高阶扰动计算是可能的，并从远距离贡献中，在可观察到对QCD的非扰动动力学敏感的远距离贡献中，从远距离贡献中进行系统分解时，它可以以前所未有的精度进行计算。这种有效的现场理论治疗可以在有限温度以及存在光夸克兴奋的情况下扩展。 We will show that in this novel theoretical framework, quarkonium can play a crucial role for a number of problems at the frontier of our research, from the investigation of the confinement dynamics in strong interactions to the study of deconfinement and the phase diagram of nuclear matter, to the precise determination of Standard Model parameters up to the emergence of exotics X Y Z states of an unprecedented nature.
Heavy quarks have been instrumental for progress in our exploration of strong interactions. Quarkonium in particular, a heavy quark-antiquark nonrelativistic bound state, has been at the root of several revolutions. Quarkonium is endowed with a pattern of separated energy scales qualifying it as special probe of complex environments. Its multiscale nature has made a description in Quantum Field Theory particularly difficult up to the advent of Nonrelativistic Effective Field Theories. We will focus on systems made by two or more heavy quarks. After considering some historical approaches based on the potential models and the Wilson loop approach, we will introduce the contemporary nonrelativistic effective field theory descriptions, in particular potential Nonrelativistic QCD which entails the Schoedinger equation as zero order problem, define the potentials as matching coefficients and allows systematic calculations of the physical properties. The effective field theory allows us to explore quarkonium properties in the realm of QCD. In particular it allows us to make calculations with unprecedented precision when high order perturbative calculations are possible and to systematically factorize short from long range contributions where observables are sensitive to the nonperturbative dynamics of QCD. Such effective field theory treatment can be extended at finite temperature and in presence of gluonic and light quark excitations. We will show that in this novel theoretical framework, quarkonium can play a crucial role for a number of problems at the frontier of our research, from the investigation of the confinement dynamics in strong interactions to the study of deconfinement and the phase diagram of nuclear matter, to the precise determination of Standard Model parameters up to the emergence of exotics X Y Z states of an unprecedented nature.
