论文标题
解剖通量余额以测量细胞生物学中的能量成本：技术和挑战
Dissecting flux balances to measure energetic costs in cell biology: techniques and challenges
论文作者
论文摘要
生命是一种非平衡现象：代谢提供了连续的能量供应，几乎可以驱动所有细胞过程。但是，对于不同的细胞过程（即它们的能量成本），知之甚少。这些成本的最直接实验测量涉及调节细胞过程的活性并确定所得的能量通量变化。在这篇综述中，我们提出了一个通量平衡框架，以帮助设计和解释此类实验，并讨论与测量相关代谢通量相关的挑战。然后，我们描述了能够测量这些通量的选定技术。最后，我们回顾了已经采用生物化学和非平衡物理学技术来确定细胞过程的能量成本的先前实验和理论工作。
Life is a nonequilibrium phenomenon: metabolism provides a continuous supply of energy that drives nearly all cellular processes. However, very little is known about how much energy different cellular processes use, i.e. their energetic costs. The most direct experimental measurements of these costs involve modulating the activity of cellular processes and determining the resulting changes in energetic fluxes. In this review, we present a flux balance framework to aid in the design and interpretation of such experiments, and discuss the challenges associated with measuring the relevant metabolic fluxes. We then describe selected techniques that enable measurement of these fluxes. Finally, we review prior experimental and theoretical work that has employed techniques from biochemistry and nonequilibrium physics to determine the energetic costs of cellular processes.
