论文标题
具有动态量表的非平衡系统中的新兴通用统计数据
Emergent universal statistics in nonequilibrium systems with dynamical scale selection
论文作者
论文摘要
形式形成的非平衡系统本质上是普遍存在的，从驱动的量子物质和生物生命形式到大气和星际气体。由于缺乏能量和动量保护法，确定其远距离平衡动态和统计数据的普遍方面构成了主要的概念和实际挑战。在这里，我们在实验和理论上研究了典型非平衡系统的统计数据，其中固有的长度尺度选择限制了平均能量超表面附近的动力学。在对场模式和缩放参数的光谱分析的指导下，我们得出了动力学观测值的通用非平衡分布。我们在法拉第表面波，量子混乱和主动湍流模拟中证实了预测的能量分布。我们的结果表明，通常可以通过单色随机字段来描述驱动物理和生物学物质的模式动力学和运输，这表明了通往具有长度尺度选择的非平衡系统的统一统计场理论的路径。
Pattern-forming nonequilibrium systems are ubiquitous in nature, from driven quantum matter and biological life forms to atmospheric and interstellar gases. Identifying universal aspects of their far-from-equilibrium dynamics and statistics poses major conceptual and practical challenges due to the absence of energy and momentum conservation laws. Here, we experimentally and theoretically investigate the statistics of prototypical nonequilibrium systems in which inherent length-scale selection confines the dynamics near a mean energy hypersurface. Guided by spectral analysis of the field modes and scaling arguments, we derive a universal nonequilibrium distribution for kinetic field observables. We confirm the predicted energy distributions in experimental observations of Faraday surface waves, and in quantum chaos and active turbulence simulations. Our results indicate that pattern dynamics and transport in driven physical and biological matter can often be described through monochromatic random fields, suggesting a path towards a unified statistical field theory of nonequilibrium systems with length-scale selection.
