论文标题

对本地分类的量子机学习管道的实施和经验评估

Implementation and Empirical Evaluation of a Quantum Machine Learning Pipeline for Local Classification

论文作者

Zardini, Enrico, Blanzieri, Enrico, Pastorello, Davide

论文摘要

在当前时代,量子资源极为有限,这使得量子机学习(QML)模型的使用困难。关于监督任务,一种可行的方法是引入量子局部性技术,该技术允许模型仅专注于所考虑元素的邻居。一种众所周知的局部技术是K-Neart最邻居(K-NN)算法,其中已经提出了几种量子变体。然而,它们尚未被用作其他QML模型的初步步骤,而古典对应物已经被证明是成功的。在本文中,我们(i)在Python中介绍了QML管道的本地分类,以及(ii)其广泛的经验评估。具体而言,使用Qiskit开发的量子管道由量子K-NN和量子二元分类器组成。结果表明,在理想情况下,量子管道与其经典对应物的等效性(在准确性方面),在局部对QML领域的应用有效性,以及所选量子K-NN对概率波动的强灵敏度以及像随机森林(如随机森林)更好的经典基线方法的更好性能。

In the current era, quantum resources are extremely limited, and this makes difficult the usage of quantum machine learning (QML) models. Concerning the supervised tasks, a viable approach is the introduction of a quantum locality technique, which allows the models to focus only on the neighborhood of the considered element. A well-known locality technique is the k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) algorithm, of which several quantum variants have been proposed. Nevertheless, they have not been employed yet as a preliminary step of other QML models, whereas the classical counterpart has already proven successful. In this paper, we present (i) an implementation in Python of a QML pipeline for local classification, and (ii) its extensive empirical evaluation. Specifically, the quantum pipeline, developed using Qiskit, consists of a quantum k-NN and a quantum binary classifier. The results have shown the quantum pipeline's equivalence (in terms of accuracy) to its classical counterpart in the ideal case, the validity of locality's application to the QML realm, but also the strong sensitivity of the chosen quantum k-NN to probability fluctuations and the better performance of classical baseline methods like the random forest.

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