论文标题

木星的温度结构:对旅行者无线电掩盖的重新评估

Jupiter's Temperature Structure: A Reassessment of the Voyager Radio Occultation Measurements

论文作者

Gupta, Pranika, Atreya, Sushil K., Steffes, Paul G., Fletcher, Leigh N., Guillot, Tristan, Allison, Michael D., Bolton, Scott J., Helled, Ravit, Levin, Steven, Li, Cheng, Lunine, Jonathan I., Miguel, Yamila, Orton, Glenn S., Waite, J. Hunter, Withers, Paul

论文摘要

行星大气的热结构是预测和检索气体和气溶胶的分布以及散装化学丰度的必要输入。就木星而言,参考水平的温度通常在1 bar处采用 - 用作用于推导行星内部结构和组成的模型中的锚。大多数模型都假定伽利略探针测量的温度(Seiff等,1998)。但是,这些数据对应于一个受当地大气动力学影响的单个位置,一个异常清晰,干燥的区域。另一方面,Voyager无线电掩盖观测值涵盖了更广泛的纬度,纵向和时间(Lindal等人,1981年)。 Voyager检索基于大气组成和需要更新且从未正确列表的无线电折射数据:少数现有的列表不完整且模棱两可。在这里,我们提出了来自Voyager的所有可用温度曲线的系统性电子数字化,然后进行重新分析,采用了当前公认的大气物种的丰度和无线电折射率的值。我们发现在1条水平处的校正温度比以前发表的值高4 k,即在12°S(Voyager 1 Ingress)和167.3 {\ pm} 3.8 k时170.3 {\ pm} 3.8 K,在0°N(Voyager 1 Egress)。将其与在6.57°n的不寻常特征的边缘的166.1 {\ pm} 0.8 K的伽利略探针值进行比较。总之,这表明木星的对流层温度可能在7°N至12°S之间的空间变化高达7 k。

The thermal structure of planetary atmospheres is an essential input for predicting and retrieving the distribution of gases and aerosols, as well as the bulk chemical abundances. In the case of Jupiter, the temperature at a reference level - generally taken at 1 bar - serves as the anchor in models used to derive the planet's interior structure and composition. Most models assume the temperature measured by the Galileo probe (Seiff et al. 1998). However, those data correspond to a single location, an unusually clear, dry region, affected by local atmospheric dynamics. On the other hand, the Voyager radio occultation observations cover a wider range of latitudes, longitudes, and times (Lindal et al. 1981). The Voyager retrievals were based on atmospheric composition and radio refractivity data that require updating and were never properly tabulated: the few existing tabulations are incomplete and ambiguous. Here, we present a systematic electronic digitization of all available temperature profiles from Voyager, followed by their reanalysis, employing currently accepted values of the abundances and radio refractivities of atmospheric species. We find the corrected temperature at the 1 bar level to be up to 4 K greater than previously published values, i.e., 170.3{\pm}3.8 K at 12°S (Voyager 1 ingress) and 167.3{\pm}3.8 K at 0°N (Voyager 1 egress). This is to be compared with the Galileo probe value of 166.1{\pm}0.8 K at the edge of an unusual feature at 6.57°N. Altogether, this suggests that Jupiter's tropospheric temperatures may vary spatially by up to 7 K between 7°N and 12°S.

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